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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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water that doesn't soak into the ground or evaporate but instead flows across the Earth's surface
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runoff
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type of surface water erosion caused by runoff, in which a small stream forms during a heavy rain, carries away plants and soil, and leaves a scar or channel on the side of the slope
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rill erosion
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type of surface water erosion due to runoff that occurs when a rill channel becomes broader and deeper
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gully erosion
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type of surface water erosion due to runoff, in which rainwater flowing into lower elevations loses energy and leaves behind sediments that cover the soil like a sheet
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sheet erosion
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land area from which a stream gets its water
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drainage basin
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curve in the side of a stream formed by a fast-moving channel of deep water
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meander
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broad, flat valley floor carved by a meandering stream; often becomes covered by water when a stream floods
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floodplain
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triangular or fan-shaped deposit of sediments that is formed when a stream or river slows and empties into an ocean, gulf, or lake
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delta
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triangular deposit of sediments that is formed when a river empties from a mountain valley out onto a flat, open plain
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alluvial fan
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water that soaks into the ground and collects in the small spaces between bit6s of rock and soil
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groundwater
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describes rock and soil that have connecting pore spaces through which water can pass
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permeable
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material through which water cannot pass
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impermeable
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layer of permeable rock that allows water to move freely
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aquifer
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upper surface of the zone of saturation, which is the area where all the pores in the rock filled with water
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water table
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point where the water table meets Earth's surface and water flows out
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spring
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a hot spring that erupts periodically and shoots stream and water into the air
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geyser
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underground opening that is formed when acidic groundwater moves through cracks in limestone and disolves the rock
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cave
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ocean current that runs along the shore, moves sediment along shorelines, and is caused by waves colliding with the shbore at slight angles
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longshore current
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deposits of sediment that run parallel to the shore and stretch inland as far as the tides and waves can deposit sediment
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beaches
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sand deposits that run parallel to the shore but are separated from the mainland and whose size and shape change constantly due to wave action
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barrier island
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