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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Memory
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The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.
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Encoding
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The processing of information into the memory system.
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Storage
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The retention of encoded information over time.
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Short term memory
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Activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten.
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Long term memory
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The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.
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Working memory
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A newer understanding of short term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual spatial information, and of information retrieved from long term memory.
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Parallel Processing
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The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions. Contrasts step by step processing.
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Automatic Processing
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Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, of well learned information such as meaning.
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Automatic Processing
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Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, of well learned information such as meaning.
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Effortful Processing
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Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
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Rehersal
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The conscious repetition of information either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage.
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Spacing Effect
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The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through mass study or practice.
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Serial Position Effect
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Our tendency to recall best the last and first items of a list.
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Visual Encoding
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The encoding of picture images.
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Automatic Processing
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Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, of well learned information such as meaning.
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Effortful Processing
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Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
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Rehersal
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The conscious repetition of information either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage.
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Spacing Effect
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The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through mass study or practice.
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Serial Position Effect
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Our tendency to recall best the last and first items of a list.
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Visual Encoding
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The encoding of picture images.
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Retrieval
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The process of getting information out of memory storage.
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Acoustic Encoding
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The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.
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Acoustic Encoding
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The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.
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Semantic Encoding
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The encoding of meaning.
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Acoustic Encoding
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The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.
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Semantic Encoding
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The encoding of meaning.
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Imagery
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Mental pictures; a powerful aid to Effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding.
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Mnemonics
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Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.
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Mnemonics
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Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.
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Chunking
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Organizing items into familiar, manageable units, often occurs automatically.
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Iconic Memory
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A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture image memory lasting no more than a few seconds.
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Iconic Memory
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A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture image memory lasting no more than a few seconds.
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Echoic Memory
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A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sound a or words can still be recalled within 3-4 seconds.
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