7 Th Grade Apoligia

Front 1

atom

Back 1

the smalles stable of unit of matter in creation

Front 2

Molecule

Back 2

two or more atoms linked together to make a substance with unique properties

Front 3

photosynthesis

Back 3

the process by which plant uses the energy of sunlight and certain chemicals to produce its own food.

Front 4

receptors

Back 4

special structures of chemicals that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their surroundings.

Front 5

Cell

Back 5

The smallest unit of life in creation

Front 6

DNA

Back 6

set of instrucions that takes the chemicals which make up life and arranges them in just the right way to produce a living system.
DNA is a molecule

Front 7

Prokaryotic Cell

Back 7

a cell that has no organelles

Front 8

Eukaryotic cell

Back 8

a cell with organelles

Front 9

Pathogen

Back 9

an organism that causes disease

Front 10

decomposers

Back 10

organisms that break fown the dead remains of other organisms.

Front 11

Vegetative reproduction

Back 11

process by which the stem of a plant can form new roots and develop into a mature plant.

Front 12

Axial Skelton

Back 12

THe protion of the skeleton that supporst and procets the head, neck and trunk.

Front 13

Appendicular skelton

Back 13

the portion of the skelton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the lmbs attached to it.

Front 14

Exoskeleton

Back 14

a body covering, typically made of a tough, flexible substance called chitin, that provides support and protection.

Front 15

Symbiosis

Back 15

two or more different organisms living together so that each benefits from the other.

Front 16

smooth muscles

Back 16

Involuntary muscles

Front 17

Skeletal Muscles

Back 17

voluntary muscles

Front 18

Keratinization

Back 18

process by which cells are hardened and die in order to make hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin

Front 19

bone marrow

Back 19

makes blood cells

Front 20

collagen

Back 20

makes bones flexible

Front 21

minerals

Back 21

makes bones hard

Front 22

athropods

Back 22

animals with exoskeletons

Front 23

ligament

Back 23

holds bones together in a joint

Front 24

cartilage

Back 24

cushions the bones in a join so that they do not rub together painfully.

Front 25

tendon

Back 25

connects skeletal muscles to the skeleton

Front 26

producers

Back 26

organisms that produce their own food.

Front 27

consumers

Back 27

organsims that eat living producers and or other consumers for food.

Front 28

herbivore

Back 28

a consumer that eats producers exclusively

Front 29

carnivore

Back 29

a consumer that eats only other consumers

Front 30

omnivore

Back 30

a consumer that eats both plants and other consumers

Front 31

basal metabolic rate

Back 31

the minimum amount of energy required by the body every day.

Front 32

saturated fats

Back 32

solids at room temperature

Front 33

carbohydrates

Back 33

ususally the first macronutrient that is burned by the body

Front 34

monosaccharides

Back 34

what carbohydrates must be broken down into before they are burned.

Front 35

mitochondrion

Back 35

the powerhouse of the cell

Front 36

fats

Back 36

usually the second macronutirent that is burned by the body.

Front 37

proteins

Back 37

usually the last macronutrient that is burned by the body.

Front 38

polysaccharides

Back 38

the longest of the three basic kinds of carbohydrates

Front 39

ectothermic

Back 39

an organism that does not have a constant internal temperature.

Front 40

digestion

Back 40

the process by which and organism breaks doen its food into small units which can be absorbed

Front 41

vitamin

Back 41

a chemical substance essential for the normal working of the human body.

Front 42

pancreas

Back 42

produces sodimu bicarbonate

Front 43

stomach

Back 43

turns the bolus into chyme

Front 44

liver

Back 44

produces bile

Front 45

salivary glands

Back 45

produce saliva

Front 46

tongue

Back 46

moves the food in the mouth to form the bolus

Front 47

epiglottis

Back 47

covers the larynx when you swallow to make sure that food goes doen the esphagus only.

Front 48

vitamins, D, E and K

Back 48

fat soluble

Front 49

veins

Back 49

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

Front 50

arties

Back 50

bllod vessles that carry blood away from the heart

Front 51

capillaries

Back 51

tiny, thin walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and cells.

Front 52

right ventricle

Back 52

deoxgenated bl0od leaves this chamber on its way to the lungs

Front 53

plasma

Back 53

makes up majority of blood

Front 54

white blood cells

Back 54

fight disease

Front 55

red blood cells

Back 55

conatin hemoglobin

Front 56

xylem

Back 56

tubes in plants that transport water up the plant.

Front 57

blood coagulation

Back 57

process by which blood clots to keep it from leaking out an injured atery.

Front 58

alveoli

Back 58

little round sacs that are covered in apillaries

Front 59

gland

Back 59

a group of cells that prepare and relase a chemical for use by the body

Front 60

vaccine

Back 60

a weakend or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body' production of antibodies which can destroy the pathogen

Front 61

hormone

Back 61

a chemical messenger released in the bloodstream that sends signals to distand cells, causing them to change their behavior in specif ways

Front 62

urinary system

Back 62

chiefly responsible for regulating water and chemical levels in the fluids of the body

Front 63

lymphatic system

Back 63

fighting disease, human system

Front 64

B cells

Back 64

make antibodies

Front 65

hypothalamus

Back 65

contorls the pituitary gland

Front 66

thyroid

Back 66

produces horomones that regulate the basal metabolic rate

Front 67

pituitary

Back 67

produces hormones that control many of the endocrine glands.

Front 68

adrenal

Back 68

produces cortisol which causes the liver to release glucose in the blood

Front 69

pancreas

Back 69

produces insulin which enables glucose to enter the cells.