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14 Cards in this Set

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What does a scientist do?

1 - Observes the world in order to learn


2 - Records


3 - Discusses their thoughts and observations.

Name two types of observations.

1 - Qualitative


2 - Quantitative

What is a quantitative observation? Give an example.

Quantitative is an observation that involves numbers or quantities.




For example, measuring the height of a bouncing ball.

What is a qualitative observation? Give an example.

Qualitative observations involve characteristics or traits of an object.




For example, measuring the color of a two liquids mixed together.

What is an inference?

An inference is an explanation based on observations.




Other definitions:


- An interpretive statement


- A logical guess based on observations.

What are the steps of the scientific process?

1. Problem


2. Hypothesis


3. Procedure


4. Observations/Data


5. Error


6. Conclusion



What are the two types of variables in an experiment?

1 - Independent variable (Cause)


2 - Dependent variable (Effect)

What is the independent variable? Give an example.

The Independent Variable (Cause) is the manipulatedvariable. In an experiment, we changethis factor on purpose.




An example would be to keep changing the height of from which you drop a ball.

What is the dependent variable? Give an example.

The Dependent Variable (Effect) is the responding variable. It changes becauseof the independent variable.




An example would be to how high the ball bounces as a result of each ball drop.

What makes a good scientific question?

A scientific question must be testable.




Questions should:


1 - Be about things in the natural world


2- It must be able to be answered through investigation by collecting and analyzing evidence.


3 - Not be about personal beliefs, moralvalues, or the supernatural

What is the format of a good scientific question?

A good scientific question should take the format: How does the [independent variable] affect the [dependent variable]?




For example: How does the height that a ball is dropped out affect how high it bounces?

What are the two parts of a well written hypothesis?

Part 1 - IF . . .this part describes the purpose and what is going on in the experiment.




Part 2 - THEN . .. this part is your prediction of what will happen.




Example - IF an ice cubeis placed in hot and cold water, THEN the ice cube in the hot water will melt faster.

What is error in an experiment?

Errors are possible mistakes in an experiment.



Note: to say there is noerror in an experiment is ALWAYS an error!Error should beexplained after observations/data.

What should be in an experiment's Conclusion?

1. What was the experiment’s purpose?


2. Was the hypothesiscorrect? EXPLAIN.


3. What did the observations show? Give specific examples from data.


4. How can you explain the results/ inferences?


5. Is further investigation neededor any new questions to explore?




Conclusions should always reflect your hypothesis, and should begin with an “AS…. THEN…” statement that tells what happened in the experiment.