6.3 Musculoskeletal I

Front 1

1. What nerve is compressed by crutches? What is this condition called?

2. What muscle comprises the thenar eminence? What muscle comprises the hypothenar eminence?

3. What nerve is responsible for wrist extension?

Back 1

1. radial nerve; Saturday Night palsy

2. thenar: abductor pollicus brevis; hypothenar: abductor digiti minimi

3. radial

Front 2

1. What nerve is damaged by fractured neck of surgical humerus?

2. What nerve is responsible for arm flexion at the elbow?

3. What nerve lesion is responsible for "ape hand"

Back 2

1. axillary

2. musculocutaneous

3. distal median recurrent: loss of thumb opposition

Front 3

1. What nerve is damaged by a fracture of the mid-humerus?

2. What nerve is responsible for arm abduction at the shoulder?

3. What nerves are responsible for wrist flexion?

Back 3

1. radial nerve

2. Axillary

3. ulnar, median

Front 4

1. Where do forearm flexors and extensors originate: medial or lateral humeral epicondyles?

2. What nerve/muscle lesion is responsible for unopposed flexion of the 4th and 5th digits?

3. What nerve/muscles are responsible for finger adduction/abduction?

Back 4

1. Flexors: medial, Extensors: lateral

2. distal ulnar n. lesion/loss of 3/4 lumbricals

3. interosseus muscle; ulnar nerves

Front 5

1. What nerve is damaged by a superficial laceration to the thenar eminence?

2. What nerve/muscle lesion is responsible for uncontrolled flexion of 2nd/3rd digit?

3. What nerve is responsible for MCP extension?

Back 5

1. recurrent branch of the median nerve

2. distal median n. lesion/loss of 2/3 lumbricals

3. radial

Front 6

1. What nerve is damaged as patient falls on an open hand?

2. What nerve/muscle lesion is responsible for a Klumpke claw hand?

3. What nerves are responsible for finger flexion?

Back 6

1. ulnar nerve damaged by hook of hamate fracture

2. Lower trunk lesion leads to loss of all lumbricals w/ unopposed radial extension

3. ulnar/medial

Front 7

1. What nerve is compressed by a cervical rib?

2. What nerves/muscles are responsible for finger extension?

3. What nerve is responsible for thumb extension?

Back 7

1. lower trunk of brachial plexus

2. ulnar, median(for lumbricals), radial: for MCP

3. radial

Front 8

1. What nerve are responsible for thumb opposition?

2. What nerve is affected by a supracondylar fracture of the humerus?

3. There are three muscles in both the hypothenar and the thenar eminence. What are their names?

Back 8

1. median recurrent

2. median

3. (OAF) thenar: opponens pollicus, abductor pollicus brevis, Flexor pollicus brevis. Hypothenar: opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi

Front 9

1. What nerves is responsible for thumb abduction?

2. What muscle/nerve is responsible for supination? (HINT: 2 muscles)

3. What damage is responsible for Erb's palsy and describe the position of the arm with Erb's palsy?

Back 9

1. radial

2. supinator + biceps: radial n.

3. Upper trunk damage: arm adducted, medially rotatated, and pronated

Front 10

1. What nerve is responsible for thumb adduction?

2. What muscle/nerve is responsible for pronation?

3. Which is tennis elbow and which is golf elbow?

Back 10

1. ulnar

2. pronator teres/quadratus: median n.

3. tennis: later, golf: medial

Front 11

1. What nerve controls the triceps?

2. Which nerve causes foot inversion?

3. What molecularly, is responsible for rigor mortis?

Back 11

1. radial nerve

2. tibial

3. Lack of ATP to displace myosin head

Front 12

1. What is thoracic outlet syndrome?

2. Which nerve causes foot eversion?

3. Compare the two types of muscle with respect to color, speed of twitch, # of mitochondria?

Back 12

1. cervical rib impinges on the lower trunk of the brachial plexus and the subclavian artery

2. peroneal

3. One Slow Red Ox, Two Fast White Anaerobic

Front 13

1. There are three parts of the sarcomere that "shorten" upon contraction. Which are they?

2. Compare the molecule that calcium binds in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle contraction, and the energy pathway utilized?

3. What are the only drugs OK for acute gout treatment?

Back 13

1. H, I, Z shrinkage

2. skeletal/cardiac: troponin C; smooth: calmodulin

3. Indomethacin and Colchicine

Front 14

1. Which section stays the same on sarcomere contraction?

2. Describe contraction of smooth muscle?

Back 14

1. A band

2. Calmodulin activates MLCK, MLCK causes contraction

Front 15

1. Describe the stages of ATP mediated power stroke?

2. What molecule is responsible for smooth muscle relaxation?

3. What is the function of LTB4?

Back 15

1. (1) ATP bind: myosin dislaces, (2) ADP/Pi split: myosin head cocks/binds (3) Pi released: power stroke

2. MLCPhosphatase

3. PMN chemotactic (B4 other cells!)

Front 16

1. What are the general functions of leukotrienes?

2. Which nerve is affected by an anterior hip displacement?

Back 16

1. permeability, bronchoconstriction

2. obturator

Front 17

1. Which nerves are affected by a posterior hip displacement?

2. Diagram the nerves of the lower leg and the compartments they control?

Back 17

1. superior and inferior gluteal

2. SEE SHEET

Front 18

1. What nerve is damaged by a fractured pelvis?

2. What converse muscles are responsible for thigh flexion and extension?

3. What muscle does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

Back 18

1. Femoral nerve

2. thigh extension: gluteus maximum m, thigh flexion: psoas

3. gluteus medius/minimus

Front 19

1. What actions are controlled by the femoral nerve? (2)

2. What converse muscles are responsible for thigh abduction and adduction?

Back 19

1. leg extension, hip flexion

2. abduction: gluteus minimus/medius, piriformis; adduction: obturator adductors

Front 20

1. What muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Back 20

1. gluteus maximus