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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What results in a deficiency of vit A?
2. What is biotin used for? How are biotin deficiencies mediated? 3. What exactly does Vit C do in the collagen synthesis pathway? |
1. night blindness
2. binding factors found in egg whites; carboxylase reactions 3. hydroxylation of proline residues |
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1. Excess of vitamine A causes what? (2)
2. Compare fat soluble/water soluble vitamins with respect to toxicity and why this is the case? 3. Deficiency of Vitamin E causes? |
1. alopecia, arthralgia
2. fat soluble more toxic; stuck in fats 3. hemolytic anemia (protects Erythrocyes) |
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1. B1 deficiency causes what? (2)
2. What is the origin of vit K and the implications of this on a neonate? 3. Compare the locations of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase? |
1. thiamine deficiency: BeriBeri, Wernicke's
2. synthesized by intestinal bacteria; infants without this have 3. Alcohol: cytosol, Acetaldehyde: mitochondria |
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1. B2 deficiency causes what? (2)
2. Why does ethanol metabolism result in hypoglycemia? 3. What is the difference between Kwashiokor and Marasmus? What is the typical age of each? |
1. cheilitis, corneal vascularity
2. Ethanol metabolism causes an increase in NADH that blocks gluconeogenesis 3. marasmus: <1, muscle wasting, total calorie loss; Kwashiokor: >1 with edema, fatty liver, anemia |
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1. B3 deficiency causes what?
2. What type of collagen is affected by Ehlers Danlos? |
1. pellagra: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia
2. III |
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1. What amino acid does B3 come from?
2. What type of collagen is affected by Osteogenesis Imperfecta? |
1. tryptophan
2. I |
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1. What are B5 and B6 involved in?
2. What type of collagen is affected by Alport's syndrome? |
1. B5: fatty acid synthesis, B6: ALT/AST
2. IV |
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1.Compare S/S of folate and B12 deficiency?
2. What is the biochemical structural defect that results in Ehlers Danlos? |
1. folate: only megaloblastic anemia, B12: megaloblastic + neuropathy
2. Inability to form tropocollagen from procollagen (can't do peptide cleavage in extracellular space) |
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1. What pathway is folate involved in?
2. Describe the collagen synthesis pathway and what is unique about each intermediate? |
1. pyrimidine synthesis
2. preprocollagen (single chains) → procollagen (3 associated chain w/o end cleavage) → tropocollagen (3 chains w/ end cleavage) → collagen (end cleavage and cross-linked) |
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1. What is 5-adenosyl-Methionine inolved in?
2. What is the function of lysyl oxidase in the formation of collagen? 3. Diagnose: nephritic syndrome with occular problems and deafness? |
1. cofactor for methionine methyl transferase in homocysteine pathway (CH3 donor)
2. Cross-links/stabilizes collagen fibrils 3. Alport's syndrome |
