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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 processes in an action potential
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depolarization - propagation - repolarization
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what type of ion channel open at the axon hillock
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voltage-gated
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how do voltage-gated ion channels open
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15-20mv positive change
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what type of ion channels are opening or closing during repolarization
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potassium opening - sodium closing
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how are ion channels gated during repolarization
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voltage-gated
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what contributes to the negative rmp
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k+ leaks out - sodium-potassium pump
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where on the neuron would you find chemically-gated ion channels
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dendrite - soma
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what causes voltage-gated channels to open
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15-20mv positive change in rmp
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where on the neuron would you find voltage-gated ion channels
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axon hillock through the entire axon
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what is it if ion channels in chemically-gated open just long enough to cause a small positive change but not enough for an action potential
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graded potential (EPSP)
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if neurotransmitter binds to receptor on postsynaptic membrane resulting in entrance of Cl- ions what happens to rmp
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rmp becomes more negative (IPSP)
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____ is when the postsynaptic neuron becomes more negative
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hyperpolarization (IPSP)
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if postsynaptic membrane had small regions of hyperpolarization these local occurrences of hyperpolarization would be called
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IPSP
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what type of neurotransmitter would cause resulting ipsp's when bound to a postsynaptic receptor
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inhibitory
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what is the process called when the depolarization jumps from one node of ranvier to another
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saltatory conduction
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explain sodium-potassium pump mechanism
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atp driven - 3 Na+ out - 2 K+ in
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when is the sodium potassium pump used to re-establish a negative rmp
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repolarization
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what causes influx of calcium ions in axon terminal
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action potential (nerve impulse)
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what is the result of the calcium influx (2)
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vesicles fuse to membrane + release of neurotransmitters
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if a stimulatory neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic receptors what happens (3)
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Na+ channels open - Na+ rushes in - depolarization (EPSP)
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convergence of neurons means
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2 neurons goes to 1
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divergence of neurons means
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1 neuron goes to 2
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