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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A-6. What are normal epithelium's adaptations to chronic injury/stimuli?
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Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperlasia, Squamous Metaplasia, Dysplasia
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A-6. What are the wound characterisitics of Primary vs. Secondary intention?
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Primary: edges are surgically attached, may cause wound contraction
Secondary: wound edges are not attache, formation of granulation tissue, takes longer to heal |
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A-6. Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis are mediated by?
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Chemotaxis: comp C3b, IL-8
Phagocytosis: conp C3b (opsonin) |
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A-6. What are the roles of C3a and C3b in the immune response?
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C3a: chemotaxis
C3b: opsonization |
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A-6. In Wegener's granulomatosis, what is the cause of the underlying autoimmunity?
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Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm (ANCA)
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A-6. What are the antibodies/mediators, symptoms, and examples of Type 1-IV hypersensitivy reactions?
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1: IgE, broncho constrict, anaphylaxis and asthma - 2: IgG/M, hemolysis, transfusion reaction - 3: IgG/M, arthritis/glomerulonephritis, serum sickness - 4: T-cells/active macrophages/killer cells, erythema with induration, tuberculin rxn/transplant rejection
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A-6. What are the major oncoges, their products, and associated pathologies?
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c-myc: transcription factor, Burkitt lymphoma
c-abl: tyrosine kinase, CML bcl-2: inhibits apoptosis, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ras: G-protein, Colon carcinoma |
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A-6 How does oncogenesis screw up protein synthesis and cell growth?
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1.) Too many normal gene copies 2.) Over-stimulated normal gene 3.) Mutated gene produces non-regulated product
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A-6. What are the most common primary sites of metastatic cancer to the Brain, Bone, and Liver?
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Brain: lung>breast
Bone: breast>lung Liver: colon>stomach>pancreas |
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A-6. In autosomal dominant diseases (Dd)....
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Males and females are at equal risk and every sick child has at least one sick parent.
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A-6. In X-linked recessive disorders, diseases tend to...
Male to male transmission of disease rules out... |
1.) skip generations 2.) X-linked diseases
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A-6. In albinism, melanocytes are present but contain only...
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Unpigmented Melanosomes
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A-6. Compare adult vs. infant polycystic kidney disease.
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Adult: common, dominant, berry aneurysms
Infant: rare, recessive, liver cysts |
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A-6. What are the lab findings of someone with Bruton's agammaglobulinemia?
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Low or absent B-cells
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A-6. What are the physical findings in someone with Turner Syndrome?
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Webbed neck, broad chest with widelt spaced nipples, aortic coarcation, "streak" ovaries, immature genitals/lack menstration, short stature
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A-6. What are the physical findings of someone with Klinefelter Syndrome?
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High voice, lack facial hair, gynecomastia, hypogonadism/lack pubic hair/infertillity, tall stature
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A-6. What is the difference between Prader Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome?
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PWS: 15q11-13 deletion are in the paternal chromosome
AS: the same finding ^ is in the maternal chromosome |
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A-6. What are the MHC antigens B27 and DR3 known for?
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B27: Reiter's syndrome, ulcerative colitis
DR3: SLE, IDDM |
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A-6. The two most common causes of food poisoning are...?
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C. perfringens and S. aureus toxin
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A-6. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) is defined as...
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excessive fibrosis throughout the body
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A-6. Sjogren's syndrome is the...
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Immunological destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands
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