5Th Grade Science Chapter 1 Topic2

Front 1

root cap

Back 1

thin covering that protects the root tip as it grows into ground

Front 2

epidermis

Back 2

the outermost layer of the plant

Front 3

cortex

Back 3

the layer just inside the epidermis where food is stored

Front 4

xylem

Back 4

tissue through which water and minerals move UP through a plant

Front 5

phloem

Back 5

tissue through which food from leaves moves DOWN through a plant

Front 6

cambium

Back 6

the layer that separates the xylem and the phloem and where new xylem and phloem cells are made

Front 7

chloroplast

Back 7

the "food factory" of the plant where the chlorophyll is found

Front 8

transpiration

Back 8

the process of water being lost from the leaves through the stoma and being replaced by water moving up through the plant

Front 9

purposes of roots

Back 9

hold plant in ground
draw water and minerals from ground
can be eaten as food by animals

Front 10

taproot

Back 10

one large root - like a carrot

Front 11

fibrous roots

Back 11

thin hairy branching roots like - grass has

Front 12

aerial roots

Back 12

never touch the ground - like plants that hang in trees in rainforest

Front 13

prop root

Back 13

grow like fingers in the ground to hold the plant up like - corn

Front 14

two types of stems

Back 14

woody and soft

Front 15

purpose of stems

Back 15

support leaves and flowers contain the parts of plant that transport water and minerals up from ground and food down from leaves

Front 16

two types of leaves

Back 16

simple and compound

Front 17

cuticle

Back 17

waxy coating on leaf that helps keep water from leaving

Front 18

stomata

Back 18

tiny pores on bottom of leaf that let air in so water can evaporate

Front 19

guard cells

Back 19

these cells open and close the stomata

Front 20

petiole

Back 20

the part of the leaf that connects it to the plant

Front 21

three things plants need to grow and live

Back 21

water, sunlight, carbon dioxide

Front 22

veins

Back 22

transport water and minerals through leaf and food created in photosynthesis from the leaf

Front 23

photosynthesis

Back 23

process that a plant uses sunlight to make food

Front 24

respiration

Back 24

the release of energy from food (sugar)

Front 25

what is needed for photosyntheis

Back 25

water and carbon dioxide join in the presense of sunlight and chlorophyll to make sugar and oxygen

Front 26

respiration

Back 26

the release of the trapped energy in the sugars made during photosynthesis

Front 27

why do leaves change color in fall

Back 27

because when it gets colder the leaves stop making chlorophyll.

Front 28

how is water moved through a plant

Back 28

taken in through root hairs
passes through cortex to xylem and travels up
released through leaves

Front 29

How do plants help the air

Back 29

plants release oxygen as waste during photosynthesis