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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is a wave
it is the up and down movement of surface water
what causes waves
1. wind
2. earthquakes
3. volcanoes
4. extremely low air pressure
what determines how tall the wave is (height)
it depends on how hard the wind blows
what causes some of the biggest waves
1. earthquakes
2. volcanoes
what is a tsunami
it is a giant wave caused by an earthquake or a volcano
what slows down the wave when it gets to shore
friction with the ocean bottom slows down the wave
what is a storm surge
it is a bunch of huge waves that come ashore during a hurricane
what is a rogue wave
it is a wave that forms when large storm waves join together
what is a current
it is a stream of water that flows like a river through the ocean
what is a surface current
it is current that flows across the surface of the ocean
what causes surface currents
this is caused by prevailing winds
what is the gulf stream
it is the warm current that flows from the Caribbean, past the east coast of the united states and across the north atlantic ocean
why can palm trees grown along the southern coast of England?
the Gulf Stream allows this to happen
what is a shoreline current
these are local currents that run along the coast
what is a rip current
this is a strong current that flows away from the beach
if you get caught in a rip current, what is the best thing to do
you must swim parallel to the shore until you are out of this type of current
what is a longshore current
this is a current that allows waves to strike the shore at an angle. this type of current can also "erode" and "deposit" the beach somewhere else
what causes the currents to bend to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in southern hemisphere
the earth's rotation causes this
what causes deep ocean currents
this is caused by differences in water temperature deep in the ocean
what is it called when ocean waters rise and fall twice a day
high tide and low tide
what causes high tide and low tide
the sun and the moon cause these types of tides
what is the shore
this is the area where the ocean and land meet and interact
how do waves change the shoreline
1. weathering
2. water pressure
3. chemical weathering because saltwater is a weak acid.
4. ocean currents
which type of rock erodes faster--hard or soft
soft rock
what is a headland
this is the hard rock left behind after the soft rock has weathered and eroded. it may look like a rocky point
what is a tide pool
this is a pool of seawater found along a rocky shoreline
how are sea caves made
sometimes headlands erode tho form this
what is a jetty
this is wall like structure made of rocks that sticks out into the ocean. it is supposed to protect the beach by trapping sand
how much of earth is covered by water
70%
what technologies do scientists use to explore the ocean
scientists use sonar, submersibles, and scuba gear to do this
what is a submersible
this is a type of small underwater vehicle that helps scientists to study the ocean
what is sonar
this is a device that uses sound waves to map the ocean floor
what does desalination mean
this is where you remove salt from seawater