552: Exam 2: Tmj Muscles- End Neuman

Front 1

what are the primary muscles of the TMJ

Back 1

1) masseter
2) temporalis
3) medial pterygoid
4) lateral pterygoid

Front 2

what muscles are innervated by the mandibular nerve

Back 2

1) masseter
2) temporalis
3) medial pterygoid
4) lateral pterygoid

Front 3

the mandibular nerve is a division of what cranial nerve

Back 3

trigeminal = cranial nerve V

Front 4

where does the mandibular nerve exit the skull

Back 4

the foramen ovale

Front 5

what components of the TMJ lack sensory innervation

Back 5

synovial membrane and central part of articular disc

Front 6

where are the pain fibers and mechanoreceptors located

Back 6

the periphery of the disc, the capsule, lateral ligament, retrodiscal tissue

Front 7

what does bilateral contraction of the masseter do

Back 7

- elevates the mandible to bring the teeth into contact for effective grinding and crushing of food
- protrudes the mandible slightly

Front 8

what does unilateral contraction of the masseter do

Back 8

causes slighty ipsilateral excursion of the mandible

Front 9

what are the two sets of fibers of the masseter

Back 9

superficial and deep

Front 10

where does the temporalis muscle lie

Back 10

fills most of the concavity of the temporal fossa of the skull

Front 11

what does bilateral contraction of the temporalis cause

Back 11

elevation of the mandible (the oblique fibers elevate and retrude)

Front 12

what does unilateral contraction of the temporalis cause

Back 12

slighty ipsilateral excursion of the mandible

Front 13

what two muscles of mastication have very similar line-of force and size

Back 13

medial pterygoid and masseter

Front 14

what does bilateral contraction of the medial pterygoid cause

Back 14

elevates and protrudes the mandible

Front 15

what does unilateral contraction of the medial pterygoid cause

Back 15

effective contralateral excursion of the mandible

Front 16

what are the divisions of the lateral pterygoid

Back 16

superior and inferior head

Front 17

explain the direction of the lateral pterygoid

Back 17

traverses nearly horizontally to insert into the neck of the mandible at the pterygoid fossa, articular disc, and the capsule of the TMJ

Front 18

where do the fibers of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid attach

Back 18

into the medial wall of the capsule and relatively small portion to the medial side of the articular disc

Front 19

activation of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid casues

Back 19

an anterior-medial force on the capsule and disc

Front 20

what does unliateral contraction of both heads of the lateral pterygoid cause

Back 20

- contralateral excursion of the mandible
- rotates the ipsilateral condyle anterior-medially within the horizontal plane

Front 21

what does bilateral contraction of both heads of the lateral pterygoid produce

Back 21

strong protrusion of the mandible

Front 22

how do the two heads of the lateral pterygoid effect closing and opening of the mouth

Back 22

they have antagonistic roles inferior head is primary depressor of the mandible (especially during resisted opening of the mouth) and the superior head helps control the position of the disc and joint during elevation

Front 23

what are the secondary muscles of mastication

Back 23

suprahyoid and infrahypoid muscles

Front 24

what are the suprahyoid muscles

Back 24

digastrics, geniohyoid, mylohyoid and stylohyoid

Front 25

where do the suprahyoid muscles attach

Back 25

between th ebase of the cranium, the hyoid, and the mandible

Front 26

where do the infrahyoid muscles attach

Back 26

superiorly to the hyoid and inferiorly to the thyroid cartilage, sternum, and scapula

Front 27

how do the infrahyoid and suprahyoid muscles work together

Back 27

infrahyoid muscles stabilize hyoid bone while the suprahyoid muscles assist with depression of mandible

Front 28

what other actions are the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles involved in

Back 28

speech, tongue movement, swallowing, and controlling boluses of food prior to swallowing

Front 29

opening of the mouth is performed primarily through contraction of which muscles

Back 29

inferior head of lateral pterygoid and suprahyoid muscles

Front 30

what muscels are primarily responsible for protrusion of the mandibular condyle

Back 30

inferior head of the lateral pterygoid

Front 31

what muscles have a rotation "force-couple" for the mandible

Back 31

inferior head of the lateral pterygoid with the suprahyoid

Front 32

when does the disc-and-condyle slide forward

Back 32

during late phase of opening the mouth

Front 33

what pulls the disc anteriorly

Back 33

1) colalteral ligaments attaching the disc to the translating condyle
2) the increased intra-articular pressure created by activation of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid

Front 34

despite its attachment directly to the disc, which muscle is inactive while opening the mouth

Back 34

the superior head of the lateral pterygoid

Front 35

closing the mouth against resistance is performed primarily by which muscles

Back 35

masseter
medial pterygoid
temporalis

Front 36

what muscle retrudes the mandible during closing of the mouth

Back 36

the oblique posterior fibers of temporalis

Front 37

what direction is the mandible translated during retrusion

Back 37

posterior-superior, helping to reseat the condyle in the fossa

Front 38

describe the action of the superior head of the lateral pterygoid while the mouth is closing

Back 38

acts eccentrically to create forward tension on the disc and neck of the mandible.... stabilizing and positioning the disc between the condyle and articular eminence

Front 39

in addition to pain in the muscles and joint during movement, what are some additional symptoms included in TMD

Back 39

joint sounds, reduced molar bite forces, limited ROM in mouth opening, tension headaches, joint locking, referred pain to face and scalp, nocturnal eruxism

Front 40

what is nocturnal eruxism

Back 40

teeth grinding while sleeping