525 Health Assessment - Exam 1 Cards

Front 1

Pallor

Back 1

(pale appearance)

Anemia – decreased hct
Shock – decreased perfusion/vasoconstriction
Albinism – whitish pink, absence of pigment
Vitiligo – patchy milky white spots

Front 2

Cyanosis

Back 2

Build up of unoxygenated blood (dusky blue)

Central – chronic heart lung disease

Peripheral – exposure to cold, anxiety (nail beds dusky)

Front 3

Erythema

Back 3

Hyperemia – increased blood flow, from inflammation/fever/booze/blushing (red/pink)

Polycythemia – increased red blood cells, capillary statis (ruddy blue in face)

Carbon monoxide poisining – bright cherry red in face and upper torso

Venous statis – decreased blood flow form area, engorged venules (dusky rubor)

Front 4

Jaundice

Back 4

Increased serum bilirubin, after severe burns/infections (yellow in sllera, hard palate, musucs membranes, then over skin)

Carotenemia – increased serum carotene from ingestion of carotene-rich (yellow-orange forehead, palms, soles)

Uremia – renal failure causing retained urochrome pigments (orange-green or gray)

Front 5

Brown-Tan

Back 5

Addison’s Disease – cortisol deficiency (bronzed, eternal tan)

Café au Lait Spots – caused by increased pigment basal layer (tan to light brown, irregularly shaped, oval patch, well defined borders)

Front 6

Annular

Back 6

circular, begins in center and spreads to periphery (tinea cororis=ringworm, tinea versicolor, pityriasis rosea)

Front 7

Confluent

Back 7

lesions run together (big ole area) (urticaria hives)

Front 8

Discrete

Back 8

distinct, individual lesions that remain separate (molluscum) (a mole)

Front 9

Grouped

Back 9

clusters of legions (vesicles of contact dermatitis) (new soap, bunch of bumps develop from contact to that area)

Front 10

Gyrate

Back 10

twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike

Front 11

Target

Back 11

or iris, resembles iris of eye, bullseye, round with wide dot in middle

Front 12

Linear

Back 12

a scratch, streak, line, or stripe

Front 13

Zosteriform

Back 13

linear along a nerve route (herpes zoster)

Front 14

Polycyclic

Back 14

annular lesions grow together (lichen planus, psoriasis)

Front 15

Macule

Back 15

discoloration, flat, circumscribed, < 1cm. (freckle) usually brown

Front 16

Patch

Back 16

macules >1cm (Mongolian spot, vitiligo, café au laiet spot, choasma, measles rash)

Front 17

Papule

Back 17

ELEVATED solid lesion 0.5 to < 1cm in diameter, color varies (mole)

Front 18

Plaque

Back 18

papules coalesce to form surface elevation >1cm, plateau-like, disk-shaped lesion (psoriasis, lichen planus)

Front 19

Nodule

Back 19

circumstribed, elevated, solid lesion >1cm (fibroma)

Front 20

Tumor

Back 20

solid, elevated, hard or soft, >1cm, may extend deeper in dermis than papule (xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevi)

Front 21

Pustule

Back 21

circumscribed collection of leukocytes and free fluid (pussy), varies in size (acne)

Front 22

Vesicle

Back 22

circumscribed, free fluid (CLEAR), <1cm (blister)

Front 23

Bullae

Back 23

circumscribed collection of free fluid, >1cm (contact dermatitis)

Front 24

Wheal

Back 24

firm, edematous plaque, from infiltration of the dermis with fluid (TB test, hive, mosquito bite)

Front 25

Urticaria (Hives)

Back 25

wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction, intensely pruritic (severe itching)

Front 26

Cyst

Back 26

encapsulated, fluid-filled cavity of dermis or subq, tensely elevated skin (sebaceous syst, wen)

Front 27

Crust

Back 27

thickened, dried out eudate left after vesicles/pustules burst or dry up

Front 28

Scale

Back 28

compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, solvery or white from shedding of dead keratin

Front 29

Fissure

Back 29

linear crack with adrupt edges, extends into dermis, dry or moist (cheilosis at corners of mouth, athelete’s foot)

Front 30

Erosion

Back 30

Scooped out but shallow depression. Superficial, epidermis lost, moist but no bleeding, hels without scar since erosion doesn’t extend into dermis.

Front 31

Ulcer

Back 31

deeper depression, extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed, leaves scar (statis ulcer, pressure sore, chancre)

Front 32

Excoriation

Back 32

self-inflicted abrasion, superficial. Scratches from intense itching (insect bites, scabies dermatitis, varicella

Front 33

Scar

Back 33

after a skin lesion is repaired, norm tissue is lost, replaced by CT, permanent

Front 34

Atrophic scar

Back 34

resulting skin level depressed with loos of tissue (thinning of epidermis)
Lichenification: prolonged, intense scratching, eventually thickens, produces tightly packed papules, looks like surface of moss (lichen)

Front 35

Keloid

Back 35

a hypertrophic scar. Elevated by excess scar tissue (Frankenstein) (smooth, rubbery, clawlike, more in Blacks)