Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
504 PHARM: SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS
|
504 PHARM: SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS
|
|
|
Propanolol is NON-selective for which receptor?
|
Beta adrenergic antagonist
|
|
|
Propanolol is used to treat what?
|
1. HTN
2. Heart disease 3. Angina 4. Cardiac arrhythmias 5. *Muscle tremors |
|
|
Use of propanolol is contraindicated by?
|
Asthma since inhibition of Beta 2 in the lungs can cause bronchoconstriction.
|
|
|
Metoprolol is selective for what receptor?
|
Beta 1 adrenergic antagonists
|
|
|
What is metoprolol used to treat?
|
Same as propanolol:
1. HTN 2. Heart disease 3. angina 4. cardiac arryhthmias |
|
|
Why is metoprolol preferred over propanolol?
|
Used by cardiac patients that are also asthmatic.
|
|
|
What are the side effects of Beta blockers?
|
1. fatigue and sleep disturbances
2. impaired athletic performance 3. weight gain |
|
|
What's the reasoning behind fatigue and sleep disturbances from using beta blockers?
|
Due to the action on Beta receptors in the brain.
Can be alleviated by switching to a beta blocker that does not cross the blood brain barrier. |
|
|
What's the reasoning behind impaired athletic performance from using beta blockers?
|
Due to blockade of the increases in CO.
|
|
|
What's the reasoning behind weight gain from using beta blockers?
|
Due to action on Beta receptors in adipose tissue.
Note: Beta 3 receptor is found almost exclusively in adipose tissue where it gets activated to stimulate lipolysis. |
|
|
Phentolamine is NON-selective for which receptor?
|
It's a non-selective alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist.
|
|
|
Phentolamine is used to treat what?
|
1. Pheochromocytoma which is a tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes massive release of Epi that leads to over-stimulation of sympathetic.
2. HTN |
|
|
Mono-amine oxidase (MAO)
|
Serotonin, melatonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are mainly broken down by MAO-A.
Therefore, MAO inhibitor (MAOI) can lead to hyptensive crisis due to excess epinephrine. |
|
|
Prazosin is selective for what receptor?
|
Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor.
|
|
|
What is prazosin used for?
|
1. To treat HTN via blockade of alpha 1 receptor activation in vascular smooth muscle. Relieves alpha 1 mediated vasoconstriction.
2. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prostate is rich in alpha 1 receptors which when over-activated would accelerates cell growth. |
|
|
What are the side effects of prazosin?
|
1. postural hypotension
2. mild CNS effects, i.e. headaches, dizziness, nausea. |
|
|
What receptor is Yohimbine selective for?
|
Selective for alpha 2 adrenergic receptor antagonist.
|
|
|
What is the use of yohimbine?
|
Sold in stores as herbs.
|
|
|
Yohimbine can be used to treat?
|
Sexual dysfunction via inhibiting alpha 2 receptors in CNS (opposite of clonidine).
|
|
|
Side effects of yohimbine?
|
1. HTN
2. Sleep disturbances 3. Can be dangerous when used with sympathomimetics (esp MAO inhibitors). |
|
|
What does Reserpine bind to?
|
Binds to vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) and blocks it.
Thereby blocking vesicular packaging and release of catecholamines. |
|
|
What type of drug is rserpine?
|
An indirectly acting sympatholytic drug.
|
|
|
What is reserpine used for?
|
1. HTN (but NO LONGER)
2. Current use is in treating Raynaud's Syndrome. Note: can strongly induce depression and impaired cognition. |
|
|
What is Raynaud's syndrome?
|
Painful vasoconstriction of blood vessels in distal limbs.
|
|
|
Print out slide 11 and 12
|
.
|
|
|
Symphatolytics
|
Drugs that inhibit the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system.
They can all be used as anti-hypertensives. |
