5. Oral And Nasal Cavities

Front 1

Where in general is the nasal cavity?

Back 1

Extending from external nares to choanae - opens into nasopharynx

Front 2

What does the oral cavity consist of?

Back 2

-Oral vestibule
-Oral cavity proper
-Soft palate
-Hard palate

Front 3

What are the 3 portions of the pharynx?

Back 3

1. Nasopharynx
2. Oropharynx
3. Laryngopharynx

Front 4

What does the larynx connect? What does it do?

Back 4

Connects oropharynx to trachea; functions in phonation.

Front 5

What is the vestibule?

Back 5

The buccal cavity

Front 6

What are the boundaries of the vestibule? What important feature lies within it?

Back 6

Lips, cheeks, teeth, gums.
-Parotid duct openings at 2nd upper molar teeth.

Front 7

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity proper?

Back 7

Teeth, gums, palate, floor of mouth. Posterior boundary is the oropharynx.

Front 8

What is the region that is the boundary between the oral cavity proper and oropharynx called?

Back 8

Fauces - aka oropharyngeal isthmus.

Front 9

What is the frenulum?

Back 9

The line down the middle underside of tongue

Front 10

What gland can you consciously squirt saliva out of?

Back 10

Sublingual gland via the submandibular duct.

Front 11

What region is the soft palate a portion of?

Back 11

The pharynx

Front 12

What 3 areries supply blood to the soft palate?

Back 12

-Palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
-Ascending palatine branch of facial artery
-Greater palatine branch of maxillary artery

Front 13

What provides sensory innervation of the soft palate?

Back 13

-Sensory branches of V2
-Sensory branches of glossopharyngeal nerve

Front 14

What provides muscle innervation to the muscles of the soft palate?

Back 14

Vagus nerve via a pharyngeal plexus - EXCEPT TENSOR

Front 15

What is the exception to the soft palate motor innervation?

Back 15

Tensor - it is innervated by V3 the mandibular nerve.

Front 16

What folds are on either side of the palatine tonsils?

Back 16

-Palatopharyngeal (medial and posterior)
-Palatoglossal (lateral and anteror)

Front 17

How many muscles of the soft palate are there, what are they?

Back 17

-Levator veli palatini
-Tensor veli palatini
-Uvular muscle
-Palatoglossal
-Palatopharyngeal
-Salpingopharyngeus

Front 18

What are the 2 main parts of the tongue?

Back 18

-Body
-Root

Front 19

What covers the surface of the tongue?

Back 19

Papillae

Front 20

What structure is between the body and root of the tongue?

Back 20

Lingual Tonsil

Front 21

What area is right in front of the lingual tonsil?

Back 21

Sulcus terminalis - a little trench where the tongue body terminates.

Front 22

What are the 4 bony attachments of the tongue?

Back 22

1. Mandible
2. Hyoid bone
3. Styloid process
4. Palate
- All by extrinsic muscles

Front 23

What gives sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3 tongue for:
-Taste
-Touch

Back 23

Taste: Chorda tympani CN VII
Sense: Lingual nerve (CN V3)

Front 24

What gives sensory innervation to the posterior 1/3 tongue for:
-Taste
-Touch

Back 24

Glossopharyngeal nerve does it all!

Front 25

What gives motor innervation to the motor muscles of the tongue?

Back 25

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Front 26

What gives motor inneration to the very back of the tongue?

Back 26

Vagus nerve (X) via internal branches of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Front 27

What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Back 27

1. Genioglossus
2. Hyoglossus
3. Styloglossus
4. Palatoglossus

Front 28

What innervates all motor muscles of the tongue? What is the exception?

Back 28

Hypoglossal (XII)
-Except palatoglossus

Front 29

What big muscle forms the floor of the mouth?

Back 29

Mylohyoid

Front 30

What is below the mylohyoid?

Back 30

Digastric - ant/post bellies

Front 31

What is above the mylohyoid?

Back 31

Geniohyoid

Front 32

What comprises the bone and cartilage framework of the nose?

Back 32

Dorsum
Bridge
Alae
Anterior nares

Front 33

What bone is right behind the nasal cavity, at the level of the inferior concha?

Back 33

PTERYGOID part of the sphenoid

Front 34

What foramina are at the bottom of the pterygoid plate, where it makes a right angle w/ the maxilla soft palate?

Back 34

The greater and lesser palatine canals.

Front 35

What 2 Main Nerves innervate the nasal cavity?

Back 35

-Olfactory (CN II)
-Trigeminal (V2)

Front 36

How does the maxillary nerve get to the nasal cavity?

Back 36

Via the pterygoid (aka sphenopalatine) canal

Front 37

What 2 arteries supply the nasal cavity?

Back 37

-Sphenopalatine branch of the Maxillary artery via pterygoid canal
-Ethmoidal branch of Opthalmic artery

Front 38

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses?

Back 38

-Frontal
-Maxillary
-Sphenoid
-Ethmoid

Front 39

What are the sinuses in general?

Back 39

mucous lined diverticula conneting the nasal cavity to the corresponding bone cavities.

Front 40

what sinuses drain into the nasal meatus?

Back 40

Paranasal sinuses

Front 41

What is the differnce btwn the fauces and choanae?

Back 41

Fauces = passage from mouth to pharynx
Choanae = passage from nose to pharynx

Front 42

What nerves are you testing during an oral exam?

Back 42

VII - Facial
XII - Hypoglossal
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus

Front 43

How do u test the facial nerve?

Back 43

Smile

Front 44

What nerve is probly not working if the gag reflex is absent?

Back 44

9/10 - glossopharyng/vagus

Front 45

What nerve is likely a culprit when the soft palate fails to rise bilaterally during speaking, and the uvula deviates to the unaffected side?

Back 45

Vagus