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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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naked viruses |
"PAPP smears and CPR to a naked HepE" DNA: Papilloma, Adeno, parvo, polyoma RNA: calici, pico, reo, hepE |
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replication exceptions |
pox in the cytoplasm (has its own DNA dependent RNA polymerase) orthomixo and retro in the nucleus |
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DNA viruses |
"HHAPPPPy" herpes hepadna adeno papilloma parvo pox polyoma |
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in general the - sense RNA viruses have a ____ capsid |
helical (exception is corona virus, a +RNA w/ a helical capsid) |
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what are the absolute contraindications of OCPs? |
hx of thromboembolic event or stroke hx of est dependent tumor >35 yo smoker hypertriglygerides liver dz (impairs steroid catabolism) pregnancy |
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snRNPs transcribed by... |
Rna pol II (same as for mRNA) |
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hox genes code for |
transcription factors involved in morphogenesis |
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conditions that decrease ESR |
sickle cell (altered cell shape) polycythemia (more RBCs "dilute" the aggregating proteins) CHF (mech ?) |
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hematogenous spread carcinomas |
RCC, HCC ("cc's of blood") follicular carcinoma of thyroid choriocarcinoma (invade blood is what they do) |
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mediators of cachexia |
TNFa, IFNg, and IL6 |
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radiation exposure risk for.... |
leukemia, sarcoma, pap thyroid CA, breast CA |
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tuberous sclerosis assoc. tumors |
astrocytoma ("astronaut"), renal angiomyolipoma ("kidney angel lips", rhabdomyoma ("rabbi heart") |
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c kit |
cytokine receptor GI stromal tumor |
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transcription factor oncogenes |
c, L, N -myc c = burkitt L= Lung tumor N= neuroblastoma |
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tyrosine kinase oncogenes |
ret = men 2 Her2neu aka erbB2= breast, ovary, gastric CA BCRABL= CML and ALL |
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BRAF oncogene |
serine/threonine kinase in melanoma |
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tumor markers: CA15-3/27-29 CA19-9 |
tumor markers: CA15-3/27-29= breast CA19-9= "9ancreatic" |
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aside from obvious smoking CA, what are some others |
pancreatic, bladder, kidney |
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psammoma bodies in... |
PSaMMoma: (represent dystrophic calcification due to fast growing tumor-> necrosis) pap. thyroid CA Serous papillary CA ovary Meningioma Malignant Mesothelioma |
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anastrozole moa |
aromatase inhibitor |
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explain glucokinase deficiency in causing maturity onset diabetes (MODI) |
glucokinase is necessary for starting the glycolytic pathway in liver and B-cells of pancreas. Without its function, glucose is not metabolized to ATP, and the ATP sensitive K channels in the B-cells are not activated, causing an inappropriately deficient secretion of insulin. This causes decreased muscle/adipose uptake of glucose, and hence diabetes. |
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where are enhancers, promoters, repressors located? |
enhancers can be anywhere promoters/repressors 50ish BP upstream from start site |
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pyr-positive organism? |
strep PYogenes |
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cells that cannot use ketones |
RBCs (no mitochondria) hepatocytes (lacking enzyme to metabolize ketones) |
