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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the 10 week scan for? |
major structural abnormalities, number of foetus and CUB screen |
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what makes up the CUB screen? |
Nuchal translucency, HCG, PAP A, Oestriol |
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what defines pre eclampsia? |
hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy |
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name 8 risk factors for pre eclampsia |
hypertension, obesity, diabetes, low or high age, first pregnancy, autoimmune disease, multiple pregnancies
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what consitutes HELLP syndrome |
haemolysis, elevated LFTS, low platelet count |
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what tests are needed for pre eclampsia |
BP 2 hrs apart and compare to booking, urine dipstick, urinary P:Cr (over 30), Blood tests |
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what blood tests should be used for pre eclampsia |
FBC - to show haemolysis and a rise in bilirubin LFTs Blood Film for platelet count and clotting U and E - kidney problems in sever disease |
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what is the treatment for Pre Eclampsia |
delivery of the baby
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how do you control BP |
with antihypertensives - Labetolol, hydralazine, nifedipine, methyldopa |
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define eclampsia |
generalised tonic-clonic seizures with background of pre eclampsia and no background of epilepsy |
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how would you manage sever pre eclampsia |
IV labetolol and hydralazine |
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what is impending eclampsia |
brisk reflexes and clonus, vision loss |
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how do you manage impending eclampsia |
labetolol and hydralazie, mag sulphate, deliver |
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how do you manage eclampsia |
maintain airway, mag sulphate, labetolol and hydralazine |
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how long do you continue mag sulphate |
24 hrs post delivery |
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how do you counter magnesium toxicity (raised RR, hyperreflexes) |
calcium luconate |
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what are the risk factors for ovarian cancer |
age, smoking, obesity, clomifene, nulliparus, BRCA, HRT, hypertension |
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what are the symptoms of ovarian cancer |
vague bloating and distension, urinary frequency, constipation, fatigue, weight loss, depression |
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in what age group are differentiated (dermoid cysts) tumours common |
18 to 25 |
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what is the risk of malignancy index |
USS (0-3 depending on US features) x menopausal score (1 pre and 3 post) x CA125 level |
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what are ultrasound features in ovarian cancer |
multiple cysts, spetae in cysts, thick walls, increased vascularity |
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how do you mange ovarian cancer |
CT CAP, exploratory laparotomy, hysterectomy with bilateral oophrectomy, adjuvent chemotherapy in stage 3 or 4 |
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what cancer type is endometrial cancer |
adenocarcinoma |
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what breast cancer treatment makes a thickened and cystic endometrium |
tamoxifen - causes proliferation so look for over 10mm thick on USS |
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what are the risk factors for endometrial cancer |
post menopausal, nulliparus, COCP, pbesity, PCO, HNPCC, HRT, tamoxifen |
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how does it present |
PMB |
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common causes of PMB |
atrophic vaginitis/endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer |
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how do you investigate endometrial cancer |
TVUS - endometrium over 4mm take a punch biopsy. hysteroscopy |
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how do you treat endometrial cancer |
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy |
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name 4 types of fibroids |
submucous, intramural, subserous, cerviacle |
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what are the symptoms of fibroids |
menorhagia, infertility, miscarriage, dysparaeunia, pelvic discomfort. pressure symptoms - constipation, abdominal dyscomfort, urinary frequency |
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what drives fibroid growth |
oestrogen |
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treatment for fibroids |
GnRH analogues, resection, hysterectomy
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