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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the shape and bond angle of the water molecule? |
105 degrees, Bent |
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What causes low vapor pressure in water, high surface tension, and keeping the water molecules together? |
Hydrogen Bonding |
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What type of bonds are found in a water molecule. |
Polar covalent |
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What two type of substances are readily soluble in water? Give examples. |
Ionic compounds- HCl, NaCl, metals/nonmetals
Polar compounds- H20, CH3OH, NH3 |
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Would CH4 or NH3 readily dissolve in gasoline? Explain. |
CH4, because it is nonpolar and Like dissolves like |
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An ionic compound can conduct an electrical current in what two ways? |
Melted (molten) in water (an aqueous solution). |
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What are the units for Molarity and molality |
Molarity: M= mol/L
Molality: m= mol/kg |
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How many miles of solute are in a 550 mL of a 0.78 M solution |
0.429 |
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How many miles of solute are in a 550 mL of a 0.78 M solution |
0.429 |
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What is the molarity of a solution containing 45 grams of solute in 693 mL of solution? (Molar mass of solute = 83g/mol) |
0.782M |
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How many miles of solute are in a 550 mL of a 0.78 M solution |
0.429 |
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What is the molarity of a solution containing 45 grams of solute in 693 mL of solution? (Molar mass of solute = 83g/mol) |
0.782M |
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What does the phrase, "like dissolves like," mean? |
Means polar dissolves polar and nonpolar dissolves nonpolar |
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Describe the process of solvation. |
The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid became surrounded by solvent molecules. |
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Describe the process of solvation. |
The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid became surrounded by solvent molecules. |
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What is activation energy in a chemical reaction? |
Activation energy is a barrier between reactants and products. |
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List all the factors that will cause a reaction to go faster. Explain Each. |
Increase temperature particle size concentration catalyst. |
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What happens to a catalyst in a reaction. |
It is unchanged |
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How does a catalyst affect activation energy in a chemical reaction? |
Lowers the activation energy. |
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When you add more reactant to a chemical reaction at equilibrium, what shift occurs? |
More products will form |
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Define free energy |
The energy available to do work |
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What does entropy measure? |
The disorder of a reaction or system |
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What are the two factors that determine whether a reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous? |
The size and direction of energy and entropy |
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What happens when you melt ice at temperatures above 0 degrees C |
It becomes water/endothermic |
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What are the two products of an acid and base reaction |
Water and salt |
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Can NH3 be an Arrhenius base? Explain |
No, because it doesn't have OH- ions to produce |
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Define a Lewis Acid and Base |
An acid accepts a pair of electrons. A base donated a pair of electrons during a reaction |
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Which substance can act as a Bronsged-Lowry acid and base |
H2O |
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How many moles of strontium hydroxide, (Sr(OH)2), are needed to neutralize 3 miles of sulfuric acid? |
3 Moles of. Strontium hydroxide. |
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Write the self-ionization of water equation. |
2H2O----->(H30+)+(OH-) |
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what is the concentration of [H+] and [OH-] in a neutral solution? |
7 |
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What pH value represents the equivalence point of the titration of a strong base and acid? |
**** |
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Define strong acid |
A strong acid is one that completely ionizes (dissociates) in a solution (provided there is sufficient solvent) |
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Define strong acid |
A strong acid is one that completely ionizes (dissociates) in a solution (provided there is sufficient solvent) |
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Define strong base |
A strong base is a base that is completely dissociated in an aqueous solution. |
