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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is tonus?
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Degree of contractility with respect to musculature.
-slight, sustained muscle contraction Note: without tonus your head would flop over. |
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What's a motor unit?
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defined as motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates, innervates, or activates..
Ex. masseter - motor units larger in size, (many fibers per neuron) but fewer units due to this muscle's gross, less refined function. lateral pterygoid: motor units smaller in size (fwer fibers per neuron) but greater number of units. |
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Pertinent neurological structures..
1) muscle spindle 2) pacinian corpuscle 3) golgi tendon organ 4) nociceptor |
1) length; structure in skeletal muscles containg small muscle fibers and sensory receptors activated by stretch
2) (pressure) mechanoreceptor responsible for sensitivity for deep pressure touch 3) (tension) group of sensory receptors in the muscle that fire when the tendon is strecthed too far and shuts down the muscle 4) pain - type of nerve receptor that activates when there's a painful stimulus |
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Myotactic reflex?
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reflex contraction of muscle when an attached tendon is pulled; this is an intentional reflex important in maintain erect posture.
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Nociceptive reflex?
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reflex elicted by a painful stimuls. its involuntary, protective mechanism.
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3 types of muscle contractions...
1) isotonic 2) isometric 3) controlled relaxation |
1) muscle shortens as weight is moved (ex. dumbell curls for biceps training)
2) muscle does NOT shorten and weight does Not move pushing against a stationary object. 3) muscles in natural state of controlled contraction (ex. postural control) |
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Clenched vs. relaxed jaw
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Clenched: high muscle tonus; masseter and temporalis are primary.
1st molars exert most force IZ of disc is squeezed and thinned; teeth in MIP TMD, local, and systemic path etiology Relaxed: low muscle tonus, disclusion; in or near CR; stress free; relaxed disc |
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What do ligaments do in terms of function?
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They don't activately participate in function. they restrict excesses.
they are not elastic, and don't stretch. They may elongate and become compromised. |
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How is the TMJ unique?
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A Ginglymoarthrodial joint: both a hinge (rotation) and sliding (translation) stress bearing joint.
Jaw movement determied in part by dentition |
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3 major functions of masticatory system...
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1) chewing
2) swallowing (deglutitation) adult: somatic (voluntary) and dentate infantile: visceral (instinctive) and essentialy non dentate - tongue occludes mouth pteylin protein in saliva dissolves food. 3 stages: mastication and bolus formation - voluntary, bolus at posterior oropharynx (soft palate)- voluntary and involuntary, bolus reaches esophagus (involuntary) 3) speech inspiration (quick), expiration (slower) what: diaphragm (both voluntary and involuntary muscle) to larynx to oral cavity when: true vocal cord contraction and relaxation |
