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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Expression of functional protein regulated by:
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rate of transcription, RNA processing, rate of mRNA turnover, rate of translation, posttranslational modfication, cellular targeting, rate of protein turnover
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snRNA
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part of spliceosome-catalyzes removal of introns during RNA processing
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MicroRNA (miRNA) and siRNA
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act on MATURE mRNAs in the cytoplasm to block translation and mediate turnover
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heterogenous nuclear RNA
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hnRNA-mix of partially processed RNA present in nucleus
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RNA poly I makes
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ribosomal rRNA
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RNA poly II makes
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mRNA and some small RNA's
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RNA poly III makes
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tRNA and other small RNA's
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RNA poly II identifies promoters?
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NO-is recruited to promoters by transcription factors (small proteins)
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RNA poly II has a...
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C-terminal domain
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transcription factors act by
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positioning a recognition helix in the major groove
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homeodomain protiens
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have helix turn helix motif
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zinc finger motif types:
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classical zinc finger & nuclear receptor zinc finger
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protein-protein interaction motifs:
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leucine zipper ((2 proteins) and helix loop helix
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homeodomain recognition helix
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third helix
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Zinc Finger classic consensus sequence includes
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two cys and two histidine!
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Classic Zinc fingger ssetup
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Two B strands and one helix
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Nuclear receptor zinc fingers
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bind DNA as dimers, has a dual Zn finger, first finger has recognition helix
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Leucine zippers
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have series of 7 leucines aligned on a HELIX!
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exons vs introns length
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exons~170 bp, introns~5900 bp
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heterochromatin
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dark staining matter in the nucleus
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euchromatin
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lighter DNA stain--more open structure
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activators recruit:
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mediator
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Mediator recruitment leads to
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assembly of pre-initiation complex
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condensed chromatin is only accessible by
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"pioneering transcriptional factors"
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hypermethylation of chromatin
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"closed Chromatin"
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SWI/SNF
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chromatin remodeling complexes-recruited by pioneering transcription factors
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