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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the distinguishing characteristics of Corynebacterium diphtheria?
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gram positive, rod shaped, not acid fast, non-spore-former, blue or touidine blue
Club shaped and posses metachromatic granules |
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what type of bacteria appears as Chinese letters in smears?
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Corynebacterium diphtheria
appears as palisades in smears |
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what type of respiration does the Corynebacterium diphtheria use?
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Facultative aerobe
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under what conditions does a facultative aerobe grow best?
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Facultative aerobes grow best aerobically
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what is the antigenic structure of the toxins produced by Corynebacterium diphtheria?
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toxins produced are immunologically identical
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what controls the toxin production of the Corynebacterium diphtheria?
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phage gene (tox gene)
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Long chain fatty acids, capsular antigens, neuraminidase, and N-acetyl-neuraminidase are virulence factors for what bacteria?
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Corynebacterium diphtheria
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what does C. diphtheria break down for energy?
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Mucous
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what is the major determinant of disease caused by C. diphtheria?
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Exotoxin
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what type of exotoxin is released from C. diphtheria?
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Lysogeny and tox gene
it is a classic A-B exotoxin which catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of Elongation Factor-2 it is estimated that one tox molecule can inactivate entire EF2 content of cell |
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how is C. diphtheria treated?
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antibiotics, antisera, and supportive care
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how many antigenic types of c. diphtheria are there?
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1 antigenic type
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what does the Elek plate test that is done in vitro tell us?
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whether the tox gene is present or not
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what causes Acne and cutaneous lesions?
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Corynebacterium acnes
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why is C. parvum used in chemotherapy?
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Clostridium parvum is used in chemotherapy to elicit nonspecific cell mediated immunity response
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what is the etiological agent for erythrasma?
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C. minutissimum
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The Group JK of Corynebacterium are rare in healthy people. What type of patient are they found in?
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common in neutropenic patients, malignancies, IV entry sites, long term chemotherapy, and endocarditis
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what is a distinguishing feature of Group JK of Corynebacterium?
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Lipophilic and Coccobacillary
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What is used to treat a Group JK of Corynebacterium infection?
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Vancomycin because it is highly resistant to most antibiotics
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what is the one Gram positive bacteria that has ENDOTOXIN?
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LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
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What type of disease is caused by Listeria monocytogenes?
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Neonatal sepsis or meningitis
Granulomatosis infant septicemia -can cross placenta Can cross BBB |
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why is Listeria monocytogenes called a facultative intracellular organism?
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because it can survive either outside or within the cell
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what type of cells do Listeria monocytogenes invade and live in?
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Intracellular parasite of macrophages, monocytes, can move in and out of cell
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besides neonates who else is likely to be affected by a Listeria monocytogenes infection?
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compromised patients with a 40-50% mortality rate
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How is Listeria monocytogenes identified clinically?
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simple media with added blood and CO2
microaerophillic Blood, CSF are collected Fluorescent antibody,serology, or animal test |
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what are the virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes?
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cold enrichment
O and H antigens Several serogroups with one or multiple serovars |
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where do virulent strains of Listeria monocytogenes grow?
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in monocytes
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what type of disease is caused by Erysipelothrix?
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occupational disease
it is common in shellfish, fish, animals, and fowl |
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what are some distinguishing characteristics about Erysipelothrix?
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Gram + Rods
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Where do Erysipelothrix grow best?
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microaerophillic
best growth with 5-10% CO2 |
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what other gram + bacteria does Erysipelothrix resemble?
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Streptococcus
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what is a clinical diagnostic for Erysipelothrix?
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produces H2S
which is rare for Gram + |
