4.3 Psyc

Front 1

pinna

Back 1

The external flap of tissue commonly referred to as the “ear”; it helps direct sounds toward the tympanic membrane

Front 2

pitch

Back 2

The psychological experience that results from the auditory processing of a particular frequency of sound

Front 3

place theory

Back 3

The idea that the location of auditory receptor cells activated by movement of the basilar membrane plays a role in the perception of pitch

Front 4

psychophysics

Back 4

A field of psychology in which researchers search for ways to describe the transition from the physical stimulus to the psychological experience of that stimulus

Front 5

pupil

Back 5

The hole in the centre of the iris through which light enters the eye; the size of the pupil changes with light intensity

Front 6

receptive field

Back 6

In vision, the portion of the retina that, when stimulated, causes the activity of a higher-level neuron (such as a ganglion cell or an even higher-level neuron in the visual cortex) to change

Front 7

recognition by components

Back 7

The idea proposed by Biederman that people recognize objects perceptually through smaller components called geons

Front 8

retina

Back 8

The thin layer of tissue that covers the back of the inside of the eye and contains the light-sensitive receptor cells for vision

Front 9

retinal disparity

Back 9

A binocular cue for depth that is based on differences between the images in each eye

Front 10

rods

Back 10

Receptor cells in the retina, located mainly on the periphery of the retina, that transduce light energy into neural inputs; these visual receptors are highly sensitive and are active in dim light

Front 11

semicircular canals

Back 11

A receptor system attached to the inner ear that responds to movement, acceleration, and deceleration and to changes in upright posture

Front 12

sensations

Back 12

The elementary components, or building blocks, of perception, such as a pattern of light and dark contrast detected by the eye or a bitter taste on the tongue

Front 13

sensory adaptation

Back 13

The tendency of sensory systems to reduce sensitivity to a stimulus that remains constant

Front 14

signal detection

Back 14

A technique that can be used to determine an individual’s ability to detect the presence of a stimulus and to measure the individual’s response bias

Front 15

sound

Back 15

The physical input to the auditory system, a mechanical energy travelling in waves that requires a medium, such as air or water, through which to move

Front 16

taste buds

Back 16

The receptor cells on the tongue involved in taste