4.12 C) V) Immunology Drug Allergies

Front 1

Mechanisms for drug reactions

Back 1

1. Idiosyncratic
2. Exacerbation of pre-existing skin condition
3. Pharmacological
4. Cumulative effects
5. Altered skin ecology
6. Allergic [ IgE-mediated ; cytotoxic ]

Front 2

2 Main classes of drug reactions

Back 2

1. Allergic
a. IgE -mediated
b. Cytotoxic
c. Immune-complex-mediated
d. Cell-mediated
2. Non -Allergic

Front 3

4 main presentation forms of an Allergic drug reaction

Back 3

1. Urticaria and Angioedema
2. Vasculitis
3. Erythema Multiforme
4. Morbilliform erythema

Front 4

Rarer forms of drug reaction {5}

Back 4

1. Bullae
2. Erythroderma
3. Pruritis
4. Toxic epidermal Necrolysis [TEN]
5. Hypersensitivity Syndrome
[ fever + rash + internal involvement]

Front 5

Toxic {reactive} erythema facts -which is incorrect?
1. Most common type of drug reaction
2. Does not have itch and fever
3. varies from urticaria-like to erythema multiforme-like appearance
4. Drugs include ampicillin / sulphonamides / diuretics/hypoglycaemics

Back 5

2. can have itch and fever

Front 6

Which drug reaction fact is incorrect?
1. Salicylates are the most common cause of urticaria
2. drugs causing Allergic vasculitis include sulphonamides / NSAIDS / phenytoin
3. Erythema multiforme appears as "target-like" lesions on flexor surfaces of limbs
4. Sulphonamides / anticonvulsants can cause erythema multiforme

Back 6

3. Extensor surfaces

Front 7

Which drug does not tend to cause purpura?
1. Thiazides
2. Sulphonamides
3. Sulphonylureas
4. penicillin

Back 7

Penicillin

Front 8

List some drugs commonly associated with fixed drug eruptions? [7]

Back 8

1. paracetamol
2. co-trimoxazole
3. NSAIDS
4. aspirin
5. Antibiotics
6. Systemic antifungal agents
7. Psychotropic drugs

Front 9

List the drugs commonly causing Toxic Epidermal necrolysis [4]

Back 9

1. sulphonamides
2. Anticonvulsants [ phenytoin ; carbamazepine ; lamotrigine ]
3. Antibiotics [penicillin ]
4. barbituates

Front 10

Drugs causing hair loss? [4]

Back 10

1. Cytotoxic agents
2. Anticoagulants
3. Antithyroid drugs
4. OCP

Front 11

Common drugs that cause photosensitivity [4]

Back 11

1. Thaizides
2. Sulphonamides
3. Tetracyclines
4. Phenothiazines

Front 12

Relate the drug and the typical reaction:
1. penicillin A.urticarial
2. sulphonamide B. morbilliform
3. hypoglycaemics C. Toxic reactive erythema
4. NSAIDS D. Allergic vasculitis
5. Anticonvulsants E. TEN

Back 12

Generally, they can all occur, however, the listed medications = reactions.