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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
continental drift
a hypothesis made by Alfred Wegener which stated that the continents had moved.
Pangaea
means "all lands," it is the single landmass thought to have been the origin of all continents.
Panthalassa
means "all seas," was thought to have been the sea surrounding Pangaea.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
an undersea mountain range with a steep, narrow valley running down its center.
Mid-Ocean Ridges
system of undersea mountain ranges that wind around the earth.
seafloor spreading
movement of the ocean floor away from either side of a mid-ocean ridge.
plate tectonics
theory that the lithosphere is made up of plates that float on the asthenosphere and that the plates possibly are moved by convection currents.
Tektonikos
is tectonics in Greek. In Greek it means, "construction."
oceanic crust
material on the ocean floor.
continental crust
continental crust makes up the continental landmasses.
lithosphere
is made up of the oceanic and continental crust, and the rigid upper-mantle.
asthenosphere
zone of mantle beneath the lithosphere that consists of slowly flowing sold rock.
divergent boundaries
boundary formed by two lithospheric plates that are moving apart.
convergent boundary
border formed by the direct collision of two lithospheric plates.
subduction zone
region where one lithospheric plate moves under another.
ocean trench
deep valley in the ocean floor that forms along a subduction zone.
island arc
chain of volcanic islands formed along an ocean trench
transform fault boundary
boundary formed where two lithospheric plates slide past each other.
convection
transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid material.
convection current
movement in a fluid caused by uneven heating.
theory of suspect terranes
theory that continents are a patch of pieces of land that have individual geologic histories.
terranes
piece of land with a geologic history distinct from that of the surrounding land.