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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organization of the body from smallest bit to largest
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Atoms
Molecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ System Organism A Mouse On Coke Torched Our Shitty Outhouse |
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4 major parts of an animal cell
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membrane (cell membrane / plasma membrane)
cytosol organelles inclusions |
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4 types of tissues in the body
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Connective
i Nervous Epithelial Muscle a It's a sad movie, bring Tissues to the CiNEMa |
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cell
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smallest living functioning thing
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cytoplasm
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cytosol + organelles
everything inside the cell except the nucleus |
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organelles
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all the little organs in the cell
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plasma membrane
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2 layer "skin" that surrounds the outside of the cell
also called cell membrane or plasmalemma Phospholipid bilayer + proteins + cholesterol separates extracellular material from intracellular |
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mitochondria
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MIGHTY powerhouse
makes fuel (ATP) |
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Ribosomes
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have RNA
make proteins |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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system of tubules and thin curved sacs that help transport materials through the cell
Factories |
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Smooth ER
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stores calcium, makes lipids
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Rough ER
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bumpy with ribosomes
makes & transports protein |
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Golgi complex / apparatus
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stacks of flattened tubs & sacs
receive packets of protein and lipids from the ER package and ship |
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Nucleus
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coordination center (brain) of the cell
holds DNA and RNA controls what proteins the cell will make |
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Lysosome
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Garbage dudes
Suicide Sacs Little sacs filled with digesting enzymes for recycling deactivates foreign invaders |
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Vacuole
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storage sacs for water, lipids, etc.
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Cytoskeleton
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system of tubules that makes the cell 3D and allows things to move in the cell
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cytosol
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thick semi-fluid within the cell
contains many nutrients and small molecules for cell metabolism |
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DNA
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found in the nucleus and passes on genetic information
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RNA
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found in the ribosome and passes on genetic information
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water
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molecule of life that is the largest component of the cell
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molecules of life that help make the outer barrier of the cell
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carbohydrate & lipids
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phospholipid
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a lipid molecule with a phosphorous added to it
a double layer of phospholipids makes up the cell membrane |
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channel
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a gateway in between the lipid molecules in the cell membrane - lets substances through if they have the right shape
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receptors
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catcher's mitts located between the lipid molecules in the cell membrane - bind to certain substances as they move by outside the cell
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4 fundamental ELEMENTS of living things
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Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen
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diffusion
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a PASSIVE process (takes no energy)
movement of SOLUTE solutes mostly move from the area of high concentration to the area of low concentration a little bit of movement happens from low to high continues until equilibrium is achieved |
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things that speed up simple diffusion
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a big difference in the concentrations (large concentration gradient)
increase in temperature |
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Osmosis
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movement of a SOLVENT across a selectively permeable membrane
SOLVENT moves across a membrane = osmosis |
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homeostasis
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keeping the body within certain limitations
maintaining a stable environment |
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enzyme
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protein molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction
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3 states of matter
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liquid, solid, gas
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in diffusion & osmosis, which way do particles move along a concentration gradient?
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mostly down
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diffusion literally means...
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spreading
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if salt (sodium chloride) is dissolved in water, the salt water is called a....
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solution
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the carbon dioxide that is dissolved in the watery portion of your blood is the ______ in the solution
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solute
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when you mix Kool-aid in water, the water is the ______ in the solution
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solvent
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what is the major solvent in living systems?
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water
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