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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Surgical Gut (catgut) - behavior in tissue
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absorbable - loses 50% of tensile strength in 14 days
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Chromic Gut- behavior in tissue
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more resistant to degradation (slower absorption than surgical gut)
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Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)- behavior in tissue
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absorbable - 30% loss of tensile strength in 14 days; tensile strength decreases in alakaline environments (infected urine)
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Vicryl Rapide- behavior in tissue
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rapidly absorbed - loss of 50% of tensile strength in days, loss of 100% of tensile strength in 10-14 days
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Polyglycolic acid (Dexon)- behavior in tissue
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absorbable: similar rate of loss of tensile strength as vicryl (loses 35% of tensile strength by 14 days)
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Poliglecaprone 25 (Monocryl)- behavior in tissue
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absorbable - high initial tensile strength (40-50% loss at 7 days, no tensile strength by 21 days)
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Polydioxanone (PDS)- behavior in tissue
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absorbable - 20% tensile strength loss at 14 days
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Polyglyconate (Maxon)- behavior in tissue
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absorbable - loses 25% of tensile strength in 14 days
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Silk- behavior in tissue
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nonabsorbable - 50% tensile strength loss in 1 yr; 100% tensile strength loss in 2 yrs
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Nylon (Dermalon)- behavior in tissue
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nonabsorbable - broken down over 2-3 years
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Polypropylene (Prolene, Surgilene)- behavior in tissue
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nonabsorbable
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Braunamid- behavior in tissue
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nonabsorbable
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Surgical Gut (catgut)
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good handling, minimal capillary action, good knot security when dry, inexpensive
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Chromic Gut
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crosslinking of collagen fibers, decreases tissue rxn, increases tensile strength
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Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)
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minimal reactivity, good handling, stable in contaminated wounds (but monofilament is preferred), absorbed predictably; soft, easy to bury (good for intradermal, oral); good for tissues that heal w/ rapid increase in tensile strength
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Polyglycolic acid (Dexon)
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similar behavior and indications as polyglactin 910
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Poliglecaprone 25 (Monocryl)
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good handling, most pliable of the monofilaments (better for intradermal than other monofilaments); little memory, good strength, predictable absorption, minimally reactive, can use in contaminated wounds
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Polydioxanone (PDS)
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can use in tissues that need longer-term support; minimally reactive, no capillarity or drag, good in contaminated sites
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Polyglyconate (Maxon)
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similar to PDS but: less memory, less suture kinking, better knot security
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Silk
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excellent handling properties, inexpensive
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Nylon (Dermalon)
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elastic (good for skin); byproduct (adipic acid) is antibacterial; minimally reactive; biologically inert; inexpensive
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Polypropylene (Prolene, Surgilene)
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minimally reactive (inert), least thrombogenic suture, moderate knot security, can use in contaminated wounds
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Braunamid
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good handling, inexpensive, good tensile strength
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Cyanoacrylate Adhesives (Tissue Glue, Vetbond)
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ease of use, rapid polymerization, strong bond, nontoxic, good tissue apposition
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Stainless steel staples
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biologically inert; stainless steel is the strongest of suture materials; staples are easy to apply and provide rapid wound closure
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Surgical Gut (catgut) - disadvantages
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severe foreign body reaction; contraindicated in malnourished/hypoalbuminemic animals; don't use in stomach; poor knot securit when wet (swells - leave suture tags ≥ 1cm); irritation from packaging liquids (alcohol, formalin); greater loss of tensile strength in infected wounds
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Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) - disadvantages
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tissue drag, can serve as nidus for urinary calculi (don't leave suture tags in lumen); rapidly degraded in infected urine (rapidly hydrolyzed in alkaline environments)
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Polyglycolic acid (Dexon) - disadvantages
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rapidly degraded in infected urine and alkaline environments
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Poliglecaprone 25 (Monocryl) - disadvantages
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expensive (3-4x as expensive as vicryl; even more compared to surgical gut); contraindicated when long healing time is required (tendons, immunosuppressed patients, diabetes, cushings)
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Polydioxanone (PDS) - disadvantages
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tendency to kink; memory (decreases handling quality); lowest know security of the synthetic absorbable sutures
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Silk - disadvantages
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intense tissue reaction and capillarity; potentiate infection; fair knot security when coated; loses tensile strength when wet
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Nylon (Dermalon) - disadvantages
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memory, poor knot security, poor handling, suture ends can cause irritation (stiff)
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Polypropylene (Prolene, Surgilene) - disadvantages
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memory, "slippery" handling
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Braunamid - disadvantages
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available on reel (need a separate needle, not sterile), do not bury (consists of inner & outer sheaths which can trap bacteria), extremely tissue reactive
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Cyanoacrylate Adhesives (Tissue Glue, Vetbond) - disadvantages
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granuloma formation, foreign material reaction; multiuse vials can be contaminated (don't use tip to apply, dray up what you need w/ a syringe); slow biodegradation; poor adhesive action on wet tissue
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Stainless steel staples - disadvantages
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steel suture no longer used - cuts through tissue, poor handling
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Surgical Gut (catgut) - uses
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used to ligate ovarian pedicles (want to incite inflammation)
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Vicryl Rapide- uses
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good for oral mucosa, gingiva, mucus membranes, urinary epithelium
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Poliglecaprone 25 (Monocryl)- uses
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good for tissues that gain tensile strength rapidly
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Polydioxanone (PDS)- uses
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line alba
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Cyanoacrylate Adhesives (Tissue Glue, Vetbond)- uses
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only applied to skin
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Surgical Gut (catgut) - origins
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natural - intestinal submucosa of sheep or serosa of bovine intestinge (primarily collagen)
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Chromic Gut- origins
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surgical gut with addition of chromium salts
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Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl)- origins
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synthetic - coated with calcium stearate (decreases tissue drag, decreases knot security)
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Vicryl Plus- origins
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coated with triclosan to reduce bacterial colonization
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Polyglycolic acid (Dexon)- origins
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synthetic - available as coated and uncoated; degraded by hydrolysis
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Poliglecaprone 25 (Monocryl)- origins
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synthetic
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Polydioxanone (PDS)- origins
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synthetic
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Polyglyconate (Maxon)- origins
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synthetic
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Silk- origins
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natural (made by silkworm larvae)
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Nylon (Dermalon)- origins
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synthetic (polyamide)
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Polypropylene (Prolene, Surgilene)- origins
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synthetic (polyolefin)
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Braunamid- origins
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synthetic (polymerized caprolactum)
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the bile duct traverses the ...
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hepatoduodenal ligament
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the bile duct terminates on the ....
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major duodenal papilla on the proximal duodenum
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what prevents the exteriorizing of the duodenum and pylorus
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the bile duct traversing the hepatoduodenal ligament
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why would you cut the duodenocolic ligament?
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it is avascular...it can be cut to mobilize the bowel
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which tissue is the only one you should hold with tissue forceps when closing the abdomen?
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the external rectus sheath
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where is the pancreas located?
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Right- along the descending duodenum
Left- caudal to the stomach and runs dorsally in mesentery |
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how do you identify the ilEus?
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look for antimesenteric arteries
runs into the cecum |
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what is the path of the ureters?
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they traverse the lateral ligaments and terminate on papilla on the dorsocaudal wall
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why would you not perform a prostatectomy especially in dogs?
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incontinence for sure in dogs...
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what are three methods for biopsying the liver?
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guillotine method
wedge technique biopsy punch technique |
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how do you close the intestines after a full-thickness biopsy?
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simple interrupted or continuous with pds
use suture loops to hold the intestines steady during biopsy and suturing then test for leakage with saline |
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what are two methods of biopsying the kidney?
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tru-cut needle - only needs one suture and it gets multiple layers
incisional - more tissue but requires more suturing, only get the superficial layer |
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what suture size and type would you use in closing the external rectus fascia?
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PDS, maxon
3-0 up to 0 |
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what are reasons for pursuing laser surgery?
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cleaner surgery with less swelling
reduced postoperative morbidity sanitizes the wound |
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what does laser stand for?
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light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
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which vessel transverses the left adrenal gland?
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the phrenicoabdominal vein
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what is a possible complication of an adrenalectomy?
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can result in disturbing the renal artery and therefore requiring nephrectomy
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what is stump pyometra?
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it means the animal is coming into heat because you left part of an ovary behind --- you have to go in an do an exploratory -- inblock and carefully resect and send off for histopath for confirmation of ovarian tissue
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papilla + urethra = ????
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trigone of the bladder
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