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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mention 5 diseases that can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus
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Impetigo, furunculus, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, food poisoning etc.
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Mention 2 toxin-mediated staphylococcal diseases
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toxic shock syndrome (TSS), scalded skin syndrome, food poisoning
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Mention 3 toxic products produced by Staphylococcus aureus!
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TSST (toxic shock syndrome toxin), enterotoxin, exfoliatin, leukocidins, hemolysins
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Which is the most virulent species of Staphylococcus?
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S. aureus
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Which enzymatic virulence factor is characteristic exclusively for Staphylococcus aureus?
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coagulase
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How can we identify the source of infection in a staphylococcal food poisoning?
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by phage typing
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Which antibacterial drug is the first choice in serious infections caused by methycillin
resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains? |
vancomycin
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In which disease is Staphylococcus saprophyticus considered an obligate pathogen!
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cystitis in young women
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Which cell constituents determine the group-specific, and the type specific antigens of Streptococcus pyogenes, respectively?
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group specific: C- polysaccharide
type specific: M protein |
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Mention 3 enzymes produced by Streptococcus pyogenes that enhance the spread of the bacterial infection in the body!
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Streptokinase (fibrinolysin), hyaluronidase, streptodornase (DNAse)
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List 3 diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in the skin or in subcutaneous tissues!
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impetigo (pyoderma), cellulitis, erysipelas, fasciitis, myositis
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Mention a toxin-mediated streptococcal disease, specify the name of the toxin and its
mechanism of action! |
Scarlet fever - erythrogenic toxin – superantigen causing capillary destruction
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Mention 2 poststreptococcal diseases!
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Glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, erythema nodosum, chorea minor.
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Which product of Streptococcus pyogenes has a major pathogenic role in poststreptococcal diseases?
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M protein: may induce hypersensitivity reactions
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How long does immunity against scarlet fever exist? Which immune effector mechanism is involved?
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Life-long immunity. Antitoxic antibodies are involved.
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What is the drug of first choice in Streptococcus pyogenes infection?
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Penicillin-G
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What is the patomechanism of post-streptococcal rheumatic fever?
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type II hypersensitivity (cytotoxic antibodies)
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What is the patomechanism of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
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type III hypersensitivity (immune complexes)
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Which Streptococcus species plays major role in the meningitis of newborn babies?
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Group B Streptococcus (S. agalactiae)
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What is (are) the major causative agent(s) for subacute bacterial endocarditis?
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Viridans streptococci
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What are the characteristics of Enterococci that can be used in their identification?
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D group polysaccharide antigen; tolerance to bile and hydrolysis of esculin (BEA
medium: bile esculin agar); growth in the presence of 6,5 % NaCl |
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What are the specific morphologic features of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
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Gram positive diplococcus, lancet shape, capsule.
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Mention 3 diseases that can be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae!
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Pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis, otitis media, sepsis, (ulcus serpens corneae)
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What fast diagnostic procedure can be used in acute Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection?
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Demonstration of bacteria (intracellular in PMNs) from urethral discharge by Gram or methylene blue stain; PCR amplification of bacterial DNA
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What kind of immunity develops after Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection?
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Partial immunity of short duration; no protection from reinfection
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What are the most important manifestations of disseminated gonorrhoeal infections?!
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arthritis, skin eruptions, (endocarditis, meningitis)
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What is the major complication of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in newborns? How can it be prevented?
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Blenorrhoea (ophtalmia) neonatorum, silver acetate eye drops or erythromycin
ointment |
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Mention at least 3 major virulence factors of Neisseria gonorrhoeae!
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pilus, outer membrane proteins, LOS (lipooligosaccharide), IgA protease
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Mention at least 2 major virulence factors of Neisseria meningitidis!
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polysaccharide capsule, LPS, IgA protease
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What is the site of entry of Neisseria meningitidis infection? What diseases are caused by this bacterium?
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The site of entry is the nasopharynx (transmitted by airborne droplets).
Meningococcemia (characterized by skin lesions), and acute (purulent) bacterial meningitis. |
