3.6 Pathology Of The Male Reproductive System

Front 1

Define fertile:

Back 1

PRODUCE healthy sperm to fertilize an egg

Front 2

Define potency:

Back 2

Ability to ENGAGE in copulation

Front 3

Testicular degeneration refers to...

Back 3

a reduction in FUNCTIONALITY.

Front 4

Causes of testicular degeneration (REDUCTION in sperm production):

Back 4

Thermal (local & systemic infections → pyrexia)
Cryptorchidism (congenital lesion)

Front 5

How may pyrexia from local & systemic infections affect the testicles?

Back 5

May result in CELL DEGENERATION → abnormal sperm morphology & function.

Front 6

A condition characterized by the failure of one/both testis to descend to the scrotum & may be located in abdomen/inguinal canal

Back 6

Cryptorchidism

Front 7

Cryptorchid animals are prone to ___ & ___ of spermatic cord.

Back 7

Testicular neoplasia/Torsion

Front 8

An inherited testicular degeneration in BULLS

Back 8

Testicular Hypoplasia

Front 9

Estrogenic compounds/excessive endogenous estrogen production (neoplasia) may lead to

Back 9

CHEMICAL testicular degeneration.

Front 10

If sperm MORPHOLOGICALLY NORMAL but malfunctioning then it suggests it is a ___ issue.
Spem morphological abnormalities are often due to ___ or ___.

Back 10

Gene/Infection or heredity

Front 11

Inflammation of the testes (___) is often due to ___ or ___.

Back 11

Orchitis (acute/chronic)/Trauma or Infection (local/systemic)a

Front 12

What BACTERIA have predilection sites at testes?

Back 12

· Brucella
· Pseudomonas
· Mycobacteria
· Nocardia

BMPN the testes

Front 13

What VIRUSES have predilection sites at testes?

Back 13

· Canine Distemper Virus
· Equine Viral Arteritis
· Equine Infectious Anemia

Front 14

Sterility (problem with POTENCY) relates to...

Back 14

· Tubular damage (inflammation)
· Bacterial toxins/cytokine production
· ↑Temperature
· Pressure atrophy/necrosis
· Pus mixed with ejaculate
Duct blockage (due to fibrosis)

Front 15

Foreign body inflammatory reaction to SPERM (foreign) which may have escaped the tubular structures OR inflammatory cells may have infiltrated due to damage.

Back 15

Sperm Granuloma (seen in epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate)

Front 16

NEOPLASIA (may be bilateral) may be a ___ post-mortem finding, may cause ____ of the testicles, and may cause ___-induced abnormalities.

Back 16

Incidental/Enlargement/Hormonal

Front 17

What is the most common NON-FUNCTIONAL testicular neoplasm in dogs (occasionally seen in the bull)?

Back 17

Interstitial Cell Tumors (Leydig Cell Tumor): may be ***BILATERAL***

Front 18

Leydig Cell Tumors (***usu. <1 cm*** & well-demarcated) are derived from ___ cells of the intersitium, are often ____ post-mortem findings, and malignancy is very ___.

Back 18

Endocrine/ Incidental/Rare

Front 19

What other NON-FUNCTIONAL tumor is NEARLY AS COMMON as Interstitial Cell Tumors (Leydig Cell Tumor) and generally ENLARGES the testis?

Back 19

Seminoma (Tumor of spermatogonia/ germ cells): usu. ***UNILATERAL***

Front 20

You find a mass that is ENLARGING the testicles, PALE, and ***SOFT***, what is your diagnosis?

Back 20

Seminoma (RARELY metastatic)

Front 21

Cryptorchidism is a PREDISPOSING FACTOR for what neoplasms?

Back 21

Seminoma
Sertoli Cell Tumor

Front 22

What FUNCTIONAL (produces estrogen) tumor is the LEAST COMMON and generally ENLARGES the testis?

Back 22

Sertoli Cell Tumor: usu. ***UNILATERAL***

Front 23

You find an ESTROGEN producing mass that is ENLARGING the testicles, WHITE, and ***FIRM***, what is your diagnosis?

Back 23

Sertoli Cell Tumor

Front 24

What are the effects related to the estrogen-producing Sertoli Cell Tumors?

Back 24

· Atrophy of NON-NEOPLASTIC testicular tissue
· Mammary gland & teat enlargement
· Reduced libido
· Swelling of prepuce
· Attractive to other male dogs
· SYMMETRICAL ALOPECIA
· Prostatic hyperplasia & metaplasia
· BM suppression

Front 25

Rare tumor in young horses composed of multiple germ layers (connective tissue, bone, cartilage, m., n., glandular, hair & dental)

Back 25

Teratoma

Front 26

Term used to describe an OCCLUDED epididymis (due to inflammation/congenital) → SPERM ACCUMULATION.

Back 26

SpermATOCOELE

Front 27

Epithelial damage of the epididymis leads to a...

Back 27

Sperm Granuloma

Front 28

Most of the time fat becomes trapped BUT intestines may become trapped as well in the parietal peritoneum. What is the picture depicting?

Back 28

Scrotal hernia

Front 29

Hemorrhage in the TUNICA VAGINALIS:

Back 29

HemATOCELE

Front 30

Serous fluid in the TUNICA VAGINALIS:

Back 30

HydroCELE

Front 31

INFLAMMATION of the TUNICA arises from..

Back 31

direct extensions from:
Orchitis
Epididymitis
Scrotal dermatitis
PERITONITIS

Front 32

Tumors cells surrounding the peritoneal cavity

Back 32

Mesothelioma

Front 33

Multifocal red-brown papules on a rams scrotum.

Back 33

Sheep pox

Front 34

DILATION and TORTUOSITY of the veins of the pampiniform plexus and cremasteric veins

Back 34

VaricoCELE

Front 35

Common neoplasms on the scrotum on a dog

Back 35

Mast Cell Tumor/Hemanioma

Front 36

PROSTATIC ATROPHY (reduction in organ size, cell numbers, & acinar structures) often occurs as a ___ change & following ___.

Back 36

Senile/Castration

Front 37

An EXTREMELY PAINFUL condition that causes dogs to feel like they have to defecate more BECAUSE PRESSING ON COLON.

Back 37

Prostatic Inflammation

Front 38

A common PAINLESS occurrence in INTACT males that causes them to feel like they have to defecate more BECAUSE PRESSING ON COLON.

Back 38

Prostatic Hyperplasia (Proliferation of stroma with multiple cyst formation)

Front 39

Prostatic hyperplasia is often due ___ imbalances and size of prostate can be reduced by ___.

Back 39

Hormonal/Castrating

Front 40

Prostatic metaplasia (columnar epithelial cells → squamous) is caused by the hormone ___ which is often from ___ OR ___ (iatrogenic).

Back 40

Estrogen/Sertoli Cell Tumors/Estrogen administration

Front 41

What neoplasm is RARE in dogs but metastasizes to SUBLUMBAR LN, lungs, liver, bone?

Back 41

Adenocarcinoma originating from PROSTATE

Front 42

What can EARLY castration or INTERSEX conditions cause?

Back 42

Penile Hypoplasia

Front 43

Developmental disorder often seen in BULLS where the ventral PENIS is connected to the PREPUCE causing penile deviation.

Back 43

Persistent Frenulum

Front 44

A congenital abnormality that causes failure of fusion of the urethra, prepuce, and scrotum resulting in a nonfunctional, caudoventrally deviated and exposed penis with a nonfused prepuce

Back 44

Hypospadia

Front 45

NARROWING of the preputial orifice preventing PROTRUSION of penis

Back 45

Phimosis

Front 46

NARROWING of the preputial orifice preventing RETRACTION of already protruding penis

Back 46

Paraphimosis

Front 47

Inflammation of PREPUCE

Back 47

Posthitis

Front 48

Inflammation of GLANS PENIS

Back 48

Balanitis (Ball of penis)

Front 49

Inflammation of PREPUCE & GLANS PENIS

Back 49

Balanoposthitis

Front 50

1. Viruses that cause BALANOPOSTHITIS:
2. Bacteria that cause BALANOPOSTHITIS:
3. Parasites that cause BALANOPOSTHITIS:

Back 50

1. Bovine Herpesvirus-1, Equine Herpesvirus-3 [L]
2. Corynebacteria in SHEEP/BOVINE
3. Trypanosoma equiperdum, Habronemiasis [R]

Front 51

Neoplasm on penis of Ruminant:
Neoplasm on penis of Horse:
Neoplasm on penis of Dogs:

Back 51

1. Fibropapilloma [Top L]
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma [Top R]
3. Transmissible Veneral Tumor [Bottom C]