Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the first step in the scientific method?
|
Make observations
|
|
|
What is the 2nd step in the scientific method?
|
Create a hypothesis
|
|
|
What is a hypothesis?
|
A verifiable statement that attempts to explain an observation or event
|
|
|
What are two traits of a good hypothesis?
|
simple and testable
|
|
|
What is the 3rd step of the scientific method?
|
Make predictions
(what must occur if your hypothesis is true) |
|
|
What is deduction?
|
use of general principles to predict specific events
|
|
|
What is the 4th step in the scientific method?
|
Test predictions
Conduct an experiment and collect your data |
|
|
What is the 5th step in the scientific method?
|
Evaluate results
Hypothesis correct? If not go back to step 2 |
|
|
What is the 6th step of the scientific method?
|
Communicate results
|
|
|
What are the two ways to test a hypothesis?
|
Direct observation- observe events occurring in nature
Experimentation- look at response of one variable to changes in some other variable |
|
|
What are two types of experiments?
|
Manipulative- vary conditions in treatment group and compare to control group with no variation
Natural- take advantage of natural variation in the environment |
|
|
How do you narrow down a hypothesis?
|
Start with a general topic
Pose a research question Phrase hypothesis as a possible answer to question |
|
|
What are the traits of a good hypothesis for specificity?
|
Specific species/group of species, specific geographic region/location, specific time of year
|
|
|
What is a null hypothesis?
|
hypothesis of no relationship or no difference
|
|
|
What is an alternative hypothesis?
|
the relationship or difference in which you're interested
|
|
|
Do we prove hypotheses?
|
No we either reject the null or fail to reject it
|
|
|
Why are quantitative results important?
|
Correlations and difference numbers allow you to have confidence in the test and have a degree of certainty
|
|
|
How do we know when an animal is selecting habitat?
|
compare amount of habitat use to amount available
|
|
|
What is habitat use and how is it measured?
|
occupation of a habitat for a period of time
Visual observation, sound, radio telemetry |
|
|
What is habitat availability?
|
total surface area of habitat that is available to the animal in a certain area
|
|
|
How can availability be measured?
|
aerial photos , statellite, GIS , habitat sampling
|
|
|
What is habitat sampling?
|
record habitat type at a number of different locations
percent of samples in each habitat type used as an index of availability |
|
|
What is systematic sampling?
|
pick sampling location at regular intervals on a grid
|
|
|
What is random sampling?
|
Pick sampling locations using randomly selected x and y coordinates
|
|
|
How do you compare use vs availability?
|
record habitat at large number of locations where animals were observed/detected
record habitat at large number of samples systematically chosen test in difference of distribution using Chi square test |
|
|
What is the p value?
|
probability of getting the result you did if the null hypothesis was true
|
