3/17/07 Science

Front 1

What are the 3 functions of the nervous system?

Back 1

1- receiveing information
2- responnding inormation
3- maintaining homeostasis

Front 2

A message carrying cell, nerve cell

Back 2

neuron

Front 3

what is the structure of a neuron

Back 3

a- dendrite
b- cell body
c- axon

Front 4

Carries impulses toward the cell body

Back 4

dendrite

Front 5

has threadlike extensions and carries a nucleus

Back 5

cell body

Front 6

carries impulses away from the cell body

Back 6

axon

Front 7

what are the three kinds of neurons

Back 7

sensory
interneuron
motor neuron

Front 8

picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse.

Back 8

sensory neuron

Front 9

a neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another. Some interneuons pass impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurson

Back 9

interneuron

Front 10

sends an impulse to a muscle, and the muscle contracts in response

Back 10

motor neuron

Front 11

How does a nerve impulse travel?

Back 11

A nerve impulse travels from the sensory neuron to the interneuron then to the motor neuron

Front 12

Made up of billions of interneurons

Back 12

brain

Front 13

interprets input from the senses, controls the movement of skeletal muscles and carries ou complex mental processes.

Back 13

cerebrum

Front 14

coordinates the actions of your muscles and helps you keep you balance

Back 14

cerebellum

Front 15

controls involuntary actions

Back 15

brainstem

Front 16

is the link...between your brain and the peripheral nervous system

Back 16

spinal cord

Front 17

consists of a network of nerves all outside of the central nervous systm
has somatic and autonomic

Back 17

peripheral nervous system

Front 18

How many nerves make up the peripheral nervous system

Back 18

43 pairs of nerves
12 pairs originate in the brain
31 pairs make up the spinal nerves that begin in the spinal cord

Front 19

controls voluntary actions

Back 19

somatic nervous system

Front 20

controls involuntary actions

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autonomic nervous system

Front 21

An automatic response that occurs very rapidly and without conscious control

Back 21

reflex

Front 22

A bruise like injury of the brain

Back 22

concussion

Front 23

they occur when the spinal cord is cut or crashed

Back 23

spinal cord injuries

Front 24

your eyes respond to the stimulus of light. They convert that stimulus into impulses that your brain interprets enabling you to see

Back 24

vision

Front 25

How does light enter the eye?

Back 25

when the rays of light strike the eye then strole the cornea. The light then passes to the pupil. The iris then regulates the amount of lifht entering the eye.

Front 26

how is light focused?

Back 26

light passes throught the pupil and strikes the lens. The lens focuses light.

Front 27

How can you see an image

Back 27

The retina contains 130 million receptor cells that respond to light. There are two types of receptros rods and cones. Rods enable you to see black and white cones enabling you to see color.

Front 28

can see nearby objects clearly but have trouble seeing far away objecs

Back 28

nearsightedness

Front 29

can see distant objects clearly but cannot se nearby objects

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farsightedness

Front 30

How is sound produced

Back 30

by vibrations

Front 31

sound vibrations in the ear

Back 31

The ear is structure to receive sound vibrations

Front 32

How you hear

Back 32

the fluid in the cochelea vibrates and stimulates receptors. Sensory neurons then send nerve impulses to the cerebrum through the auditory nerve

Front 33

How do you get sense of balance?

Back 33

above the cochlea in your inner ear is the semicircular canal, which is repsponsible for your sense of balance.

Front 34

Cna distinguish 50 basic odors

Back 34

nose

Front 35

only four kinds of taste buds- sweet, sour, salty and bitter

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tounge

Front 36

found in all areas of your skin. Receptors in the skin respond to light touch, heavy pressure, pain, and temperature change

Back 36

touch

Front 37

legal drugs that help the body fight disease and injury

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medicine

Front 38

the deliberate misues of drugs for purposes other than medical uses

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drug abuse

Front 39

nausea, a fast irregular heartbeat, sleepiness, headaches, dizziness, and trembling

Back 39

immediate efects of abused drugs

Front 40

drug users need more and more of a drug to produce the same effect on the body

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tolerance

Front 41

the body becomes physically dependant on a drug

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addiction

Front 42

slow down the activity of the central nervous system

Back 42

depressants

Front 43

speed up body processes

Back 43

stimulants

Front 44

chemicals similar to hormones. may increase muscle size and strength

Back 44

anabolic steroids

Front 45

A drug found in many beverages

Back 45

alcohol

Front 46

vision blurred, speech becomes unclear, control of behavior is reduced, and judgement becomes poor

Back 46

affects of alchol on the nervous system

Front 47

heartbeat rate and blood pressure increases, with large amounts of alchol the heartbeat rate and blood pressure may decrease

Back 47

affects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system

Front 48

causes kidneys to produce more urine as a reesult the drinker loses more water than usual

Back 48

affects of alcohol on the kidneys

Front 49

blood flow to the skin increases causing rapid loss of body heat

Back 49

affects of alcohol on the skin

Front 50

over many years liver damge can result

Back 50

affects of alcohol on the liver

Front 51

alcohol is absorbed by stomach and passes to the bloodstream quickly

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digestive system

Front 52

can cause the destruction of cells in the brain and liver can lead to addiciton

Back 52

long-term alcohol abuse

Front 53

a disease where a person is physically and mentally addicted to alcohol

Back 53

alcoholism

Front 54

the clear tissue that covers the front of the eye

Back 54

cornea

Front 55

the opening through which light enters the eye

Back 55

pupil

Front 56

a circular structure that surrounds the upil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Gives the eye its color

Back 56

iris

Front 57

a flexibe structure that focuses light.

Back 57

lens

Front 58

the layer of reptor cells that lines the back of the eye

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retina

Front 59

the membrane that seperates the outer ear from the miidle ear and that vibrates when sound waves strike it

Back 59

eardrum

Front 60

a snail-shaped tube that is lined w/ receptors that respond to sound

Back 60

cochlea

Front 61

the structures in the ear that are responsible for your sense of balance.

Back 61

semicircular canals.