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131 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ctinic (solar) keratosis
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precursor to sq cell carcinoma
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Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
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Cushings Ulcer
increased ICP stimulated vagal gastric secretion |
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Acute Gastric ulcer with severe burns
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Curlings Ulcer
*greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa |
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Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
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Chrons- skip lesions
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aneurysm, dissecting
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HTN
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aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta
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atherosclerosis
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aortic aneurysm, ascending
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Marfans
-idiopathic cystic medial degeneration |
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atrophy of mammilary body
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Wernicke encephalopathy
-Thiamine deficit causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion |
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autosplenectomy
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Sickle Cell Anemia
HbS |
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bacteria associated with gastritis, PUD, stomach CA
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H pylori
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bacterial meningitis, adults and elderly
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S pneumonia
N meningitidis *low sugar, high protein |
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bacterial meningitis, newborns & kids
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Group B strep (newborns)
S pneumonia, N meningitidis (kids) |
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benign melanocytic nevus
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Spitx Nevus- cost common in first 2 decades
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Bleeding Disorder with GpIb deficiency
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Bernard Soulier disease (defect in platelet adhesion to VWF)
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Brain tumor, adults
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Supratentorial:
Mets > astrocytoma (GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma |
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Brain tumor, kids
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infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
supratentorial: craniopharyngioma (cerebrum) |
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Breast Mass
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fibrocystic change
carcinoma in post menopausal |
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breast tumor benign
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fibroadenoma
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cardiac 1 tumor, kids
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rhabdomyoma, often seen in tuberous sclerosis
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cardiac manifestation of lupus
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Libman Saxkss endocarditis
-nonbacterial, affecting both sides of mitral valve |
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cardiac tumor, adults
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mets
myxoma (4:1 L to R atrium, ball valve) |
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cerebellar tonsilar herniation
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Chiari malformation
_presents with profressive hydrocephalous or syringomyelia |
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chronic arrhythemia
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A fib
- high risk of emboli |
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chronic atrophic gastritis (AI)
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predisposition to gastric carcinoma
- can also cause pernicious anemia |
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clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
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DES in utero
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compression fracture
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Oateoperosis
1: postmenopausal women 2. elderly man or woman |
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congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
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21 hydroxylase
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congenital cardiac anomaly
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VSD
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congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, black liver
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Dubin Johnson
-inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into the bile |
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constrictive pericarditis
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Tuberculosis- developing world
SLE- developed world |
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Coronary artery involved in thrombus
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LAD
RCA LCA |
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cretinism
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I2 defect, hypothyroidism
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Cushings Syndrome
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1. corticosteroid tx
2. Excess ACTH from pit 3. small cell lung CA |
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Cyanosis, early, less common
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TOF
Transposition truncus arteriosis |
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Cyanosis, late, more common
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VSD
ASD PDA |
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Death in CML
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blast crisis
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Death in SLE
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lupus NEPHROPATHY
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dementia
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1. AD
2. Multi infarcts |
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demyelinating in young women
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MS
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DIC
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gram - sepsis
ob complications cancer burn trauma |
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dietary deficit
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Fe
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diverticulum in pharynx
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zenkers
- dx w/barium swallow |
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Ejection Click
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Aortic/Pulmonic stenosis
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esophageal cancer
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1. sq cell- alcohol, achalasia, smoke, plummer vinsion (esophageal webs)
2. adenocarcinoma (lower esophagous)- barrets, esophagitis, diverticula, |
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Food Poisioning (exotoxin)
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S aureus
B cereus |
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glomerulonephritis, adults
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Bergers Disease
-IgA nephropathy |
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gynecological malignancy
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endometrial carcinoma, MC in US
cervical, MC worldwide |
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heart murmur, congenital
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MVP
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heart valve in bacterial endocarditis
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Mitral- rheumatic fever
tricuspid- IVDA aortic- 2nd in rheumatic fever |
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Helminth infection, US
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1. enterobius vermacularis, pinworm
2. Ascaris lumbricoides, round worm |
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Hematoma
1. epidural 2. subdural |
1. epidural: rupture of middle meningeal, trauma, lentiform shape, lucid
2. subdural: ruptire of bridging veins, crescent shape |
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Hemachromatosis
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multiple blood transfusions
heredetary HFE mutation: results in bronze DM, increased risk of HCC |
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HCC (hepatocellular CA)
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cirrhotic liver, associated with HBV HCV
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Hereditary bleeding disorder
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vWF
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Hereditary harmless jaundice
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Gilberts Syndrome- benign congenital inconjugates hyperbilirubinemia
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HLA B27
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Psoriatic arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis IBD- UC chrons Reiters Syndrome (uveitis, urethritis, arthritis) *seronegative spondylaropathies |
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HLA DR3 or DR4
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DM I
RA SLE |
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Holosystolic murmur
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VSD
Tricuspid regurg mitral regurg |
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hypercoagulability
endothelial damage blood stasis |
Virchows Triad- results in venous thrombus
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2nd HTN
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renal disease
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hypoparathyroidism
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accident during thyroidectomy
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hypopituitarism
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pit adenoma, benign normally
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infection 2 to blood transfusion
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HCV
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infections in chronic granulomatous disease
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S aureus
E coli Aspergilious *catalase + |
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Kidney Stones
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1. Calcium= radiopaque
2. struvite (ammonium)= radiopaque 3. Uric Acid= radiolUcent |
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late cyanotic shunt
uncorrected L to R becomes R to L |
Eisenmengers Syndrome
*ASD *VSD *PDA results in pulm HTN & polycythemia |
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liver disease
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EtOh cirrhosis
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Lysosomal Storage disease
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Gauchers
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Male CA
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prostate
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malignancy with non infectious fever
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Hodgkins
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Malignant Skin Tumor
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Basal Cell, mets rare
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MR
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1. DS
2. Fragile X |
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Mets to Brain
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Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia
1. Lung 2. Breast 3. Skin (melanoma) 4. Kidney (RCC) 5. GI |
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Mets to Bone
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Teste, prostate, breast
Lung Kidney Thyroid |
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Mets to Liver
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Cancer Sometimes Penetrates benign Liver
1. Colon 2. Stomach 3. Pancreas 4. Breast 5. Lung |
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Mitochondrial Inheritance
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disease in M and F, inherited through female only
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Mitral Valve Stenosis
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Rheumatic heart disease
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Mixed UML and LMN
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ALS
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Myocarditis
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Coxsackie B
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neoplasm, kids
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1. ALL
2. Cerebellar medulloblastoma |
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Nephrotic Syndrome, adults
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focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
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nephrotic syndrome, kids
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minimal change diseass, infectinos, vaccinations
tx corticosteroids |
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Neuron Migration Failure
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Kallmann syndrome
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nocosomial pneumonia
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klebsiella
E coli Pseudomonas |
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Obstruction of male urinary tract
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BPH
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opening spap
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Mitral stenosis
*rheumatic heart disease |
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opprotunistic infections in AIDS
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Pneumocystic jiroveci
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osteomyelitis
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s aureus
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osteomyelitis in SS
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salmonella
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osteomyelitis in IVDA
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pseudomonas
S sureus |
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ovarian mets from gastric or breast CA
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Krukenburg tumor
*mucin secreting signet ring cells |
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ovarian tumor, benign BL
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serous cystadenoma
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ovarian tumor, malignant
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serous cystadenocarcinoma
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pancreatitis acute
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gallstones, EtOH
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pancreatitis, chronic
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EtOH, adults
CF, kids |
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Pt w/
1. ALL 2. AML 3. CLL 4. CML |
1. ALL- young kid
2. AML: ~60 3. CLL- old 4. CML: 30-60 |
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PID
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N gonorrhea (G-)
monoarticular arthritis |
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Philidelphia chromosome
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t(9:22) BCR ABL
*gene product is a mutated receptor tyrosine kinase CML, some AML/ALL |
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Pituitary tumor
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1. prolactinoma
2. somatotrophic acidophilic adenoma |
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Primary amenorrhea
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Turner 45 XO
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Primary bone tumor, adults
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MM
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primary hyperaldosteronism
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adenoma of adrenal cortex
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primart hyperparathyroidism
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1. adenoma
2. hyperplasia 3. carcinoma |
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1 liver CA
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less comon than mets
*HCC- cirrhosis, HBV HCV, hemochromatosis, a1antitrypsin defecit |
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Pulm HTN
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COPD
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recurrent infection/thrombosis of sm/med BV in extremities
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Buergers Disease
*strong assocaition w/TOB |
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renal tumor
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RCC- assoc w/VHL and ADPCKD, and paraneoplastic- EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH
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R heart failure due to pulm cause
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cor pulmonale
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S3, protodiastolic gallop
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increased vent filling
L to R shunt, mitral regurg, LV failure (CHF) |
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S4, presystolic gallop
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Stiff/Hypertrophic L vent
-aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy |
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2 hyperparathyrooidism
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hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease
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STD
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CHlamydia, usually coinfection w/gonorrhea
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SIADH
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Small Cell Lung CA
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site of diverticula
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sigmoid colon
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sites of atherosclerosis
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abd aorta
coronary popliteal carotid |
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stomach CA
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adenocarcinoma
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stomach ulcer and high gastrin
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ZE- gastrinoma of duodenum or pancrease
*diarreha |
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t(14:18)
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follicular lymphoma
bcl2 activation |
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t (8:14)
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Burkitts Lymphoma
c-myc activation |
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t(9:22)
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Philadelphia chromosome
bcr-able fusion CML |
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temporal arteritis
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risk of IL blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic a
polymyalgia theumatica |
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testicular tumor
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seminoma
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thyroid CA
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papillary CA
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Tumor in women
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Leiomyoma
Estrogen dependent, not precancerous |
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tumor of infancy
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hemangioma, ususally regress
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tumor of adrenal medulla, kids
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neuroblastoma
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tumor of adrenal medulla, adults
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pheochromocytoma
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type of hodgkins
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Nodular Sclerosis:
Mixed Cellularity Lymphocytic predominance Lymphocytic Depletion |
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UTI
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E coli
S saprophyliticua |
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Viral encephalitis of temporal lobe
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HSV 1
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VItamin deficiency, US
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Folic Acid
body stores 3-4 mo, increased need in preggo |
