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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 2 ways to calculate MAP?
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1. 2/3DP + 1/2SP = MAP
2. DP + 1/3PP = MAP |
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What is the P wave?
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Atrial depolarization
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What is the PR interval? How long does it usually last?
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The delay of conduction thru the AV node - <200 msec
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What is the QRS complex? How long does it usually take?
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Ventricular depolarization - <120 msec
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What is the QT interval?
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The entire duration of Ventricular depolarization and repolarization - mechanical contraction of the ventricles.
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What is the T wave?
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Ventricular repolarization
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Where is Atrial repolarization?
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Buried in the QRS complex
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What is the ST segment?
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ISOELECTRIC - when the ventricles ARE depolarized
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Where does the ST segment start and end?
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At the END of the S wave and start of the T wave
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What can cause a U wave? Where?
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Hypokalemia - a dip after the T wave
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What can cause a shorter PR interval?
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Increased heart rate - less time of delay thru the AV node
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What is a condition in which AV node conduction would be Slower? And what would this do to the PR interval?
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HeartBlock! Increases the PR interval
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What is First degree AV block?
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Asymptomatic prolongation of the PR interval
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What is the difference between type I and type II 2nd degree AV block?
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Type I 2nd degree is usually asymptomatic; type II becomes pathologic and symptomatic.
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What is seen on the ECG in type I 2nd degree heartblock?
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PROGRESSIVE lengthening of the PR interval until a beat is dropped and you don't see a QRS following the P wave.
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What is seen on the ECG in type II 2nd degree heartblock?
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NO prolonged PR interval; just erratic P waves that are "nonconducted"... no QRS follows
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What does the ECG look like in 3rd degree AV block? Why?
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The atria and ventricles beat at different rythms - because this is complete AV Block.
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What is seen on ECG in Atrial fibrillation?
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Erratic and chaotic baseline - there is no rythm but you see P waves and QRS waves
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What is seen on ECG in Atrial Flutter?
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Sawtooth pattern - rapid successions of BACK-TO-BACK P waves, with an occasional QRS between clusters of P waves.
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What is seen on ECG in VENTRICULAR fibrillation?
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Curly q's - no identifiable waves
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What if you see a delta wave?
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Wolf-parkinson white syndrome
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What IS a delta wave and what causes it?
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A premature depolarization of the ventricles - early rise of the R wave due to an extra circuit from atria to ventricles so it bypasses the AV node.
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What is Ventricular tachycardia with shifting sinusoidal waveforms on ECG?
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Torsades de pointes
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What predisposes to Torsades de points?
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anything that prolongs ventricular depolarization - longer QRS complex
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What can Torsades de pointes lead into?
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Complete Ventricular fibrillation
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