3-5 Anterolateral Ab Wall; Inguinal Region

Front 1

Anterolateral Ab wall
(partially surrounds _)

Back 1

abdominal cavity

Front 2

Anterolateral Ab Wall
(surface landmarks)

Back 2

costal margin
umbilicus
linea alba
linea semilunaris (semilunar line)
inguinal groove (ligament)

Front 3

inguinal groove (ligament)
(separates _ from _)

Back 3

abdomen
thigh

Front 4

Divisions of Ab Cavity
4 quadrants
(planes, names of quadrants)

Back 4

median plane
transumbilical plane
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Front 5

Divisions of Ab Cavity
9 Regions
(planes)

Back 5

midclavicular (semilunar)
subcostal (transpyloric)
transtubercular (interspinous)

Front 6

Divisions of Ab Cavity
9 Regions
(region names)

Back 6

right hypochondriac
left hypochondriac
right lateral (lumbar)
left lateral (lumbar)
right inguinal (groin)
left inguinal (groin)
epigastric
umbilical
pubic (hypogastric)

Front 7

Fascia
(superficial to deep)

Back 7

skin
superficial fascia
--Camper's fascia
--Scarpa's fascia
----Colles' fascia and dartos fascia
----Fascia lata (thigh)
Deep (investing) fascia
Transversalis (endoabdominal) fascia
extraperitoneal (endoabdominal) fat
peritoneum (parietal)

Front 8

Fascia
Superficial fascia
(divisions)

Back 8

Camper's fascia
Scarpa's fascia

Front 9

Camper's Fascia
(_ layer)

Back 9

fatty layer

Front 10

Scarpa's Fascia
( _ layer)

Back 10

membranous layer

Front 11

Scarpa's Fascia
(divisions)

Back 11

Colles' fascia (perineum)
dartos fascia (shaft of penis and scrotal sac)
Fascia lata (thigh)

Front 12

Deep (investing) fascia
(around _)

Back 12

muscles

Front 13

Clinical Signif of Fascia

Back 13

p. 197

Front 14

Transversalis (endoabdominal) fascia
(lines)

Back 14

most of ab wall

Front 15

Deepest fascial layer

Back 15

Peritoneum (parietal)

Front 16

Anterolateral Ab wall
(impo bones)

Back 16

costal margin
lumbar vertebrae
bony pelvis
-sacrum
-R and L hip bones
--Ilium (ala with iliac fossa, iliac crest and tubercle, ASIS)
--Pubis (superior ramus, body and pubic symphysis, pubic crest and tubercle, pecten)
thoracolumbar fascia

Front 17

Inguinal ligament
(atta)

Back 17

from anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to pubic tubercle

Front 18

Muscles of Anterolat Ab Wall
(innervates by)

Back 18

*ventral rami of T7-L1

Front 19

Muscles of Anterolat Ab Wall
(name)

Back 19

Rectus abdominis
pyramidalis
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis

Front 20

Rectus abdominis
(atta, action, innervation, why not solid, surrounded by, what located anterior to rectus abdominis)

Back 20

Atta: pubic symphysis and crest
Atta: costal cartilages (5-7)
A: flexes trunk
compresses abdominal viscera
(stabilizes pelvis)
N: (T7-T12)
has Tendinous intersections
surrounded by rectus sheath
pyramidalis

Front 21

Tendinous intersections (insertions, inscriptions)

Back 21

give 6 pack

Front 22

Pyramidalis
(size, shape, location)

Back 22

small
triangular shaped
located anterior to lower rectus abdominis

Front 23

rectus abdominis
(surrounded by)

Back 23

rectus sheath

Front 24

Muscles of Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
(name the "flat" muscles)

Back 24

External oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis

Front 25

"flat" muscles
(role)

Back 25

**raise intra-abdominal pressure
**important in expiration and elimination
expandable support for ab wall
support and protection for viscera
move trunk and help maintain posture

Front 26

"flat" muscles
(continued anteriorly and medially as _, broad sheets of _, form _, what happens at linea alba)

Back 26

continued anteriorly and medially as aponeuroses
broad sheets of tendon-like tissue
form rectus sheath
intramuscular and intermuscular exchange of fibers at linea alba (midline raphe)

Front 27

External oblique
(location compared to other "flat" muscles, direction of fibers)

Back 27

outermost
fibers run downward and forward
(hands in pocket)

Front 28

External oblique
(O, I, A, N)

Back 28

O: ribs (5-12)
I: linea alba
iliac crest
pubic tubercle
A: compresses abdominal viscera
supports abdominal viscera
flexes trunk
rotates trunk
N: (T7-T12)

Front 29

Aponeurosis of external oblique that folds under = ?

Back 29

inguinal ligament

Front 30

inguinal ligament
(how formed)

Back 30

aponeurosis of external oblique that folds under

Front 31

internal oblique
(O, I, A, N)

Back 31

O: thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
lateral inguinal ligament
I: linea alba
ribs
conjoint tendon on pubis
A: compresses ab viscera
supports ab viscera
flexes trunk
rotates trunk
N: T7-L1

Front 32

internal oblique
(location compared to other "flat" muscles, direction of fibers)

Back 32

intermediate
fibers run mostly upward and forward

Front 33

transversus abdominis
(location compared to other "flat" muscles, direction of fibers)

Back 33

innermost (deepest)
fibers fun mostly horizontal (transversally)

Front 34

transversus abdominis
(O, I, A, N)

Back 34

O: costal cartilages
thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
lateral inguinal ligament
I: linea alba
conjoint tendon
A: compresses ab viscera
supports ab viscera
N: T7-L1

Front 35

Rectus Sheath
(composed of)

Back 35

aponeuroses of 3 "flat" muscles

Front 36

Rectus Sheath
(contents)

Back 36

rectus abdominis
inferior epigastric vessels
superior epigastric vessels
(nerves, lymphatics)

Front 37

Rectus Sheath
(anterior and posterior layers enclose)

Back 37

enclose rectus abdominis and other contents

Front 38

external oblique aponeurosis
(in which layer of Rectus Sheath)

Back 38

always in anterior layer

Front 39

internal oblique aponeurosis
(locations)

Back 39

splits and is part of both anterior and posterior layers of rectus sheath
until arcuate line when all becomes part of anterior layer

Front 40

transversus abdominis aponeurosis
(location)

Back 40

in posterior layer of rectus abdominis until arcuate line when it becomes part of anterior layer

Front 41

Arcuate line
(role, what located below it)

Back 41

crescentric line demarcating place below which all aponeurotic parts of posterior layer have become part of anterior layer
transversalis fascia is below arcuate line

Front 42

Protuberance of Ab
(fat, fluid, feces, flatus, food, or tumors, enlarged organs)
Palpation
Incisions - consider direction of muscle fibers, location of aponeuroses and nerves

Back 42

p. 197-199

Front 43

Inguinal Canal
(location, contains)

Back 43

just above medial half of inguinal ligament
contains:
spermatic cord in male
round ligament of uterus in female
vessels
ilioinguinal nerve

Front 44

Inguinal Canal
(anterior wall)

Back 44

aponeurosis of external oblique

Front 45

Inguinal Canal
(posterior wall)

Back 45

transversalis fascia and
conjoint tendon

Front 46

Inguinal Canal
(roof)

Back 46

arching fibers of internal oblique
and transversus abdominis

Front 47

Inguinal Canal
(floor)

Back 47

superior surface of in-curving inguinal ligament, (lacunar ligament)

Front 48

Inguinal Canal
Deep Inguinal ring
(lateral to, outpouching of)

Back 48

lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
outpouching of transversalis fascia

Front 49

Inguinal Canal
Superficial inguinal ring
(superolateral to,)

Back 49

pubic tubercle

Front 50

Inguinal Canal
Superficial inguinal ring
(slitlike opening in, components)

Back 50

slitlike opening in aponeurosis of external oblique
components:
lateral (inferior) crus
medial (superior) crus
intercrural fibers

Front 51

Inguinal Canal
Inguinal (Hesselbach's) triangle
(bounded by 3 things)

Back 51

inferior epigastric artery
rectus abdominis
inguinal ligament (iliopubic tract)

Front 52

Palpation of inguinal rings

Back 52

cough
(f B2.3D)

Front 53

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves

Back 53

Inferior 6 thoracic nerves (continuation of intercostal nerves)
-Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11)
-subcostal nerve (T12)
Ventral Rami of L1:
-iliohypogastric nerve
-ilioinguinal nerve
run mostly b/w transversus abdominis and internal oblique
Motor to abdominal wall
-(injury = weak wall)
Sensory to overlying skin:
-T7-T9: superior to umbilicus
-T10: umbilical area
-T11-L1: inferior to umbilicus
-ilioinguinal nerve supplies skin of scrotum, labium majus, mons pubis, adjacent thigh

Front 54

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves
(inferior 6 thoracic nerves which are a con't of thoracic nerves)

Back 54

thoracoabdominal nerves (*T7-T11)
subcostal nerve (T12)

Front 55

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves
(ventral rami of _, name them)

Back 55

ventral rami of *L1
iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve

Front 56

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves
(run mostly b/w)

Back 56

transversus abdominis and
internal oblique

Front 57

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves
(motor to, sensory to)

Back 57

motor to abdominal wall
sensory to overlying skin

Front 58

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Nerves
(sensory)

Back 58

sensory to overlying skin
T10-umbilical area

Front 59

ilioinguinal nerve
(supplies)

Back 59

skin of scrotum
labium majus
mons pubis
adjacent thigh

Front 60

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Arteries
(name)

Back 60

*superior epigastric artery
*inferior epigastric artery
deep circumflex iliac artery
superficial circumflex iliac and superficial epigastric arteries
posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries

Front 61

superficial epigastric artery
(from)

Back 61

internal thoracic artery

Front 62

inferior epigastric artery
(from, how get into rectus sheath)

Back 62

from external iliac artery
gets into rectus sheath below arcuate line

Front 63

deep circumflex artery
(from)

Back 63

from external iliac artery

Front 64

superficial circumflex iliac and
superficial epigastric arteries
(from)

Back 64

femoral artery

Front 65

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Veins
(deep veins follow, superficial veins = _ and _)

Back 65

deep veins follow arteries
superficial veins
-thoracoepigastric
-superficial epigastric
(usually anastomose)

Front 66

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Veins
(role in portal hypertension)

Back 66

see p 199, 288
medusae - mythology snakes out of head

Front 67

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Lymphatic drainage
(superficial, deep)

Back 67

superficial:
-superior to umbilicus (transumbilical plane) = drain to axillary nodes
-inferior to umbilicus = drain to superficial inguinal nodes
Deep:
lateral aortic nodes and common and external iliac nodes

Front 68

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Internal surface of wall
(components)

Back 68

parietal peritoneum
-umbilical peritoneal folds
--median, medial, lateral
-peritoneal fossae
-falciform ligament
--round ligament (ligamentum teres)

Front 69

Anterolateral Ab Wall
Internal surface of wall
(Umbilical peritoneal folds)

Back 69

median umbilical fold
medial umbilical folds
lateral umbilical folds

Front 70

median umbilical fold
(was)

Back 70

urachus

Front 71

medial umbilical folds
(was)

Back 71

umbilical arteries

Front 72

lateral umbilical folds
(contain)

Back 72

inferior epigastric vessels

Front 73

Peritoneal fossae
(what, names)

Back 73

area b/w the folds:
supravesical
medial
lateral
*hernia sites

Front 74

falciform ligament

Back 74

round ligament
(umbilical vein)