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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regime |
Set of rules, norms or institutions that determine how the government is constituted, organized and how major decisions are made |
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Measure or Indicator |
Quantification of the concept or thing in which we are interested |
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Substantive View of democracy |
classifies political regimes in regard to the outcomes that they produce |
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Minimalist/Procedural view of democracy |
Classifies political regimes in regard to their institutions and procedures |
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Contestation |
Citizens are free to organize themselves into competing blocs in order to press for outcomes they desire |
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Inclusion |
Has to do with who gets to participate in the democratic process |
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Polyarchy |
political regime with high levels of both contestation and inclusion |
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Dichotomous measure |
Only has two discrete categories or values (i.e tall and short) |
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Continuous Measure |
Can take on any intermediate value within a given range (i.e height in centimeters) |
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Conceptulalization |
process of creating mental categories that capture the meaning of objects, events, or ideas |
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Validity |
Refers to the extent to which our measures correspond to the concepts that they are intended to reflect |
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Nominal measure |
classifies observations into discrete categories that must be mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive |
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Ordinal measure |
Rank-orders observations |
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Interval measure |
Places observations on a scale so that we can tell how much more or less of the things being measured |
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Reliability |
Refers to the extent to which the measurement process repeatedly and consistently produces the same score for a given case |
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Replicability |
Refers to the ability of third-party scholars to reproduce the process through which a measure is created |
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Classic Modernization Theory |
Countries are more likely both to become democratic and stay democratic as they develop economically |
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Survival Story |
Predicts that democracy is more likely to survive as countries develop and become richer, but is not more likely to emerge |
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Sovereign Debt |
Refers to the debt that is accrued by the sovereign, or the government |
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Fixed Asset |
Can't easily be converted to cash |
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Liquid asset |
Cash, bank deposits, etc. can easily be turned into other types of assets |
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Primordial Arguments |
Treat culture as something that is objective and inherited |
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Constructivist arguments |
Treat culture as something that is constructed or invented |
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Cultural Modernization Theory |
Argues that socio-economic development does not directly cause democracy. Instead economic development produces certain cultural changes and these changes produce democratic reform |
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Civic Culture |
Shared cluster of attitudes that include high level of interpersonal trust, preference for gradual social change, support for existing political system, and high satisfaction |
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Bottom Up Transition |
People rise up to overthrow an authoritarian regime in a popular revolution |
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Top down Transition |
Dictatorial ruling elite introduce liberalizing reforms leading to democratic transition |
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3rd wave of Democratization |
Surge in transitions since 1974 |
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Collective Action |
Pursuit of some objective by groups of individuals. Typically a form of public good |
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Free-Rider problem |
Individual members of he group often have little incentive to contribute to the provision of a public good |
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Nonexcludability |
You cannot exclude people from enjoying the public good |
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Nonrivalry |
There is just as much public good to enjoy no matter how many people consume it |
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Preference Falsification |
Not revealing one's true preferences in public |
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Revolutionary Cascade |
One person's participation triggers another and so on |
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Revolutionary Threshold |
The size of protest at which an individual is willing to participate |
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Complete information game |
Each player knows all the information |
