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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Draw a picture of DNA
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What is a nucleotide?
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A subunit of DNA or RNA made up of a sugar, a phosphate and a base.
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What makes everyone's DNA unique? (Different from each other?)
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The order of the bases.
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In the process of making proteins, what carries the code to tell your cells what amino acids to join together?
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mRNA
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What does transfer RNA do?
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It carries amino acids to the ribosome to make proteins.
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What is made in the process of replication?
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DNA
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Describe DNA
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Double stranded
Shaped like a twisted ladder Made of deoxyribose sugar Has four bases - T, A, G, C |
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In what way is RNA different from DNA?
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Is single stranded
Has ribose sugar. Has uracil instead of thymine |
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Which bases pair together?
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A - T , G - C Except in RNA, A would pair with U
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Create a complement mRNA strand for the DNA strand shown
TAC GGT CGA |
AUG CCA GCU
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How are traits passes from parents to offspring?
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Through genes - usually in pairs, one from each parent. They can be dominant or recessive.
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What is meant by the word phenotype?
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What you physically look like.
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The gene combination that determines your phenotype is called?
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Your genotype - there are 3 genotypes, homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive.
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How could a child get a genetic disorder if neither parent has the disease?
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If it was caused by recessive alleles and both parents were carriers. The child could inherit a recessive allele from each parent.
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What do you call this genotype? TT
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Homozygous dominant
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What do you call this genotype? Tt
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Heterozygous
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What do you call this genotype? tt
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homozygous recessive
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Make a punnett square crossing a Yy pea plant with a yy plant. If Yellow is dominant, how many of the offspring will be green? What is the phenotype ratio?
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2 will be green. The phenotype ratio will be 2:2
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Make a punnett square crossing a Blue Bb chicken with a Bb chicken. What will be the genotype ratio?
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1 BB: 2 Bb: 1 bb
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Traits related to the X or Y chromosome are called?
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Sex-linked
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What do you call the picture of the chromosomes shown?
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a karyotype
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What are the 4 possible human blood types?
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A, B. AB and O
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If you remove the sparrowhawk from this food chain, what will happen to the blue bird population?
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It will increase
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Who is the producer in the food chain?
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The Holly
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Is the producer an autotroph, heterotroph, consumer, decomposer, carnivore, herbivore or omnivore. Why?
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It is an autotroph because it can photosynthesis and make its own food.
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Is the leaf minor an autotroph, heterotroph, consumer, decomposer, carnivore, herbivore or omnivore? Why?
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It is a first level consumer because it is eating a producer. It is a heterotroph because it has to consume its food. It is a herbivore because it is not eating meat.
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What are the 3 major biomes that cover the united states? Which one is Michigan in?
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Temperate Forest, Grassland and Desert. Michigan is in a Temperate Forest.
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What is a biotic factor? Give some examples.
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Any living thing in an organism's habitat that has an impact on is life. Plant life, predators, food sources.
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What is the primary source of energy for a food chain?
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The sun
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Give an example of an omnivore.
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A dog. It eats both meat and plants.
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What is an abiotic factor? Give some examples.
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Any non-living thing in an organism's habitat that has an impact on its life. Water, temperature, sunlight, humidity, wind, rocks, minerals.
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what is the difference between food web and food chain
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A food chain only follows just one path as animals find food. A food web shows the many different paths plants and animals are connected.
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Define natural selection.
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Survival of the best adapted organisms
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What causes evolution?
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natural selection
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How do you know if two organisms are in the same species?
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They can breed together and produce fertile offspring.
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Define evolution
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Change in organisms over time
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Due to misuse and overuse of antibiotics, bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. (This means they are no longer being killed by the antibiotics.) What would this be an example of?
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The bacteria are evolving
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Who developed the Theory of Evolution?
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Charles Darwin
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How does genetic variation help a species survive?
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By increasing chances of survival through diversity.
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artificial selection
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Selective breeding is the process by which humans breed other animals and plants for particular traits
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what is genetic drift
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variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population
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homologous structures
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In the context of biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different species.
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what is the science of naming things
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taxonomy
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what was Linnaeus contribution to the scientific world
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Linnaeus's main contribution to taxonomy was to establish conventions for the naming of living organisms that became universally accepted in the scientific world
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identify how scientist write the scientific name of an organism
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The genus is capitalized while the species is lower-cased
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what are the parts of the scientific name
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The first part, the genus name, is capitalized, and refers to a group of species to which the animal belongs. The second part is the species name, and naturally refers only to one species.
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what is a species
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a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
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define
1. autotrophs 2. heterotrophs |
1. can produce its own food
2. cannot produce its own food |
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1. what is a dichotomous key
2. what is a field guide |
1. A dichotomous key is a tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world
2. a book for the identification of birds, flowers, minerals, or other things in their natural environment |
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kingdom- list what it is
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animalia, plantae, fungi, Protista, archaebacteria, eubacteria
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what is a cladogram
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a branching diagram showing the cladistics relationship between a number of species
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Who developed binomial nomenclature?
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Carolus Linnaeus
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