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65 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

1st amendment

Freedom of Religion, Assembly, petition, Press, Speech

2nd amendment

right to bear arms

3rd amendment

No one may be forced to house soldiers

4th amendment

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure

5th Amendment

Rights of the criminally accused (indictment by grand jury, no double jeopardy, no self incrimination, due process of the law, eminent domain)

6th amendment

Right to a speedy trial by jury (speedy trial, impartial jury, informed of charges, right to an attorney)

7th amendment

Rights to a jury trial in CIVIL CASES, more than $20 - people sue over money/property

8th amendment

No excessive bail, no cruel and unusual punishment.



9th amendment

People have other basic rights not listed in the Constitution

10th amendment

All powers not given to the federal government are left for the states to take care of/decide

11th amendment

Federal courts do not have jurisdiction in cases against a state.

12th amendment

Provides for separate elections for president and vice president

13th Amendment

Abolishes slavery

14th amendment

Provides equality for all citizens; state governments must follow previously passed amendments.



15th amendment

All males have the right to vote

16th amendment

Congress has the power to pass direct taxes, such as income tax

17th amendment

Senators are to be elected by the voters in their state; governor fills state senator positions fi position opens during a term.

18th amendment

Selling and drinking of alcoholic beverages is made illegal (prohibited

19th amendment

Gives women the right to vote

20th amendment

Beginning of president, VP and Congress terms in office begins in January; presidential succession can take place before Presidential inauguration.



21st amendment

Selling and drinking of alcoholic beverages is made legal (allowed again, #18 was repealed or cancelled by this amendment)

22nd amendment

Presidents may serve no more than 2 terms or a total of 10 years.

23rd amendment

District of Columbia is allowed presidential Electoral College votes.

24th amendment

eliminates poll tax (no required payment needed to vote)

25th amendment

Provides for presidential succession and filling a vacant office of vice president, if VP dies or is removed from office.

26th amendment

Lowers voting age from 21 to 18.

27th amendment

Congressional compensation increases may not take effect until after that congressional term is over (their pay raise doesn't go into effect until the new term)

Sovereignty

supreme power over a politically organized unit.

Federalism

government system where power is divided between national and state governments.

Monarchy

Theory of government which leads to a ruler of royal birth picked by God.

Democracy

Type of government described as the rule of the people.

Declaration of Independence

Important document signed on July 4, 1776

Articles of Confederation

The first government of the United States.

In the Declaration of Independence what do we have the right to do when a "government becomes destructive of these ends?"

Abolish and institute a new government.

Who was chosen to preside over the meetings at the constitutional convention?

George Washington

What did the delegates decide to do with the Articles of Confederation?

Revise them because they were too weak.

Virginia plan

Central government, one leader, 2 part legislature.

New Jersey plan

elected by the people, greater state power, 1 legislature, 2 or more leaders, elect president.

How did the delegates solve their problems between the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan?

They made a compromise which is a settlement by which each side give up some of its demands.

How did the delegates solve the issue of the counting and taxing of the slave populations of southern states?

3/5 compromise in which all of the slave population in a state would be counted as 3/5 of a white person for the purposes of taxing, representatives and presidential electors.

Federalist

Those who support the constitution.

Anti-Federalist

Those who opposed the constitution.

Federalist papers

More than 80 essays written in defense of the constitution.

Who did the government elect as its first president?

George Washington

Who did the government elect as its first vice presiden?

John Adams

Bill of rights

The first ten amendments to the constitution

What is the division of power between the state and the national government?

Federalism

What is the process of distributing government power among independent branches?

Separation of powers

What document establishes the framework for the government of the US?

Constitution

The principle that government can only execute the powers delegated to it by the US constitution is called?

enumerated powers

Checks and balances

a plan to keep any part of the government from becoming too powerful.

Ratify

approve

The congress is divided into two houses called?

House of Representatives and the Senate

The section of the US constitution that grants congress the power to "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers" has become known as?

elastic law

How many members are in the House of Representatives?

436

What is the main task of the Senate?

Chooses vice president if a tie in the electoral college, approves treaties, acts as a jury in impeachment trials.

What is the main task of the House of Representatives?

money appropriation bills start here, selects the president in an electoral college tie, writes articles of impeachment of government officials.

What do all laws start out as?

Bills

Who has to sign a bill in order for it to become a law?

President

How many members are in the senate?

100

If a president signs a bill, it then becomes?

a law

A president can refuse to sign a bill into law by?

veto

If the president veto's a bill, then congress can override the veto with?

A 2/3 majority in both chambers (Senate and House)

The main purpose of the legislative branch?

To make the laws

This is the power of congress to remove a federal official from office (president)

impeach