Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are causes of appendicitis in children: Hardened ? matter, ? bodies, Microorganisms and ?s, and ? habit plays a role.
|
fecal,
foreign, parasites, dietary |
|
RED/BOLDED: What factors decrease the risk for developing appendicitis: increased ?, ?, ?, no ? hx, being ? in gender, not being a ? in age.
|
Increased- fluid, fiber, activity,
family, female, teenager |
|
RED/BOLDED: Why is pain progression monitored with appendicitis? Where is pain the most intense as it progresses ? known as ? pt which is a ? SIGN.
|
To see how bad it is;
RLQ, McBurney's, CARDINAL |
|
RED/BOLDED: Pre-op mgt of appendicitis: Diagnostics- the pt will have a ? scan of the abdomen. What labs will be drawn ? What is contraindicated and should be avoided to prevent rupture ? Why is sudden absence of pain a concern? As pain returns what complications are possible?
|
CT,
CBC, C-reactive protein, Coags, Heat b/c it promotes vasodilation, it means rupture, peritonitis |
|
RED/BOLDED: WHat is post-op pain mgt for appendectomy ? and the pt can use ? to reduce pain when coughing or moving, pt will be getting an abx of ?,? or ? the pt should do ? exercises with an incentive spirometer.
|
Round the clock opioid analgesics,
splinting, flagyl(funky bugs), Gentamycin(gram -), or ampicillin(gram -/+) |
|
For an uncomplicated appendectomy the pt will be ? until the first BM and probably dc'd within ? hrs
|
NPO,
24hrs, |
|
Care following a ruptured appendix included: ? tube, IV ?, hospital stay up to ? days, diet can be advanced ? after NG tube is out. The wound is often left ? to heal.
|
NG-tube,
IV ABX, 5 days, slowly, open to heal |
|
What is the difference between GER and GERD: GER is frequently encountered in ? and resolve around ? months and doesn't need tx.
GERD requires ? |
infancy, 12 months,
TX |
|
How is vomiting with GER charactized: Passive emesis or Projectile vomiting?
|
Passive emesis
|
|
What are complications of severe GERD: recurrent ?, Otitis ?, Pneumonia, bradycardia, irritability and ? position.
|
recurrent sinnusitis,
Otitis media, Sandifer |
|
Which acid-base balance disturbance may occur?
What happens to the sodium and potassium with severe reflux? |
Metabolic alkalosis,
they decrease |
|
Explain a pH study for GERD?
|
A small probe is placed through the nose and positioned by the LES, which is then plugged into a monitor worn on your belt, where it monitors pH levels in the LES area.
|
|
RED/BOLDED: Only 15% of infants require surgery for GERD called ? Describe parent teaching for GER considering -Diet, Postioning, Medications, Training?
|
fundoplication,
Diet-small frequent feedings, use a nipple that controls flow well, frequently burp, Thicken formula with rice or oatmeal. Positioning- Keep upright for 30-45 min after feeding, no infant seats or swings, can be on belly if monitored, HOB elevated. Medications- Zantac, Reglan; take Reglan 30 min before meals, promotes accelerated gastric emptying, can cause EPS like movements. Take Zantac two times a day morning and night. Training- Parents need to know CPR |
|
RED/BOLDED: Hirschsprugns diseases is also known as ?
|
Congential Agangilionic Megacolon
|
|
RED/BOLDED: What is the function of ganglion cells:
? and ? of the intestines, innervation and ? |
contraction and relaxation,
peristalsis, |
|
What are assessment findings for Hirschsprungs disease: RED/BOLDED: Failure to pass ? within first 24hrs of life. Foul smelling ?-type or ? like stools, constipation. What it the life threatening complication that must be assessed ?
|
meconium,
pellet, ribbon, enterocolitis |
|
How is Hirschsprungs disease diagnosed ? and what does it show ?
|
Rectal biopsy,
the biopsied area will have NO ganglion cells |
|
RED/BOLDED: Mild to moderate Hirschsprungs is managed by daily ?/rectal ?
Moderate to severe requires ? |
enemas, irrigation,
surgery |
|
What preschool fears need to be addressed before surgery ?
|
fear of mutilation
|
|
How can young children express their feelings if they have difficulty communicating and expressing their thoughts ?
|
tantrums,
body language |
|
What is the Cardinal sign of Hirschsprung's disease?
|
Meconium ILeus
|