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15 Cards in this Set

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Max amount of additional air that can be inspired from the end of a normal inspiration
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Max amount of additional air that can be expired from the end of a normal expiration
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration. This is the only lung volume not measured by a spirometer
Residual Volume (RV)
Volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration (sums 4 basic lung volumes)
Total Lung Capacity

TLC = RV + IRV + TV + ERV
Max volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from lungs following max inspiration
Vital Capacity

VC = IRV + TV + ERV = TLC - RV
Volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration.
Functional Residual Capacity

FRC = RV + ERV
Max volume of air that can be inspired from and expiratory position.
Inspiratory Capacity

IC = TV + IRV
Measures how much air a person can exhale during a forced breath.
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)
The amount of gas inspired or expired with each breath.
Tidal Volume (TV)
List order in which body systems attempt to compensate for an acid base disturbance. (3)
1.Chemical buffers
- Bicarbonate CO2 + H2O <> H2CO3 <> H+ + HCO3-
- Phosphate (in renal tubules)
- Protein (inside & outside cells) (most plentiful)
2. Respiratory - CO2
3. Kidneys - HCO3-
These are characteristic of what respiratory disease:
- Mucous build up
- Loss of elastic recoil
- Increased Lung Residual Volume
- Gas exchange impairment
- Extrapulmonary manifestation
COPD characteristics (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
Roles of surfactant
- decrease surface tension
- increase lung compliance
- provide for stability & even function
- keep lungs dry (prevent edema)
Name Respiratory Disease:
Common in children 2-6 years old. Usually caused by bacteria Haemophilus influenzae. Caused by inflammation of the cartilage that covers the trachea. High fever and very sore throat. Airway obstruction cause respiratory distress and death.
Epiglottitis
Name Respiratory Disease:
Viral infection, affects kids age 3 months <> 5 years. Often follows upper resp. infection. Seen during fall and winter. Reoccur but disappear as child grows. Last several days to several weeks. Swelling and muscle spasm in throat and windpipe.
Croup
Name Respiratory Disease:
Viral infection of very small airways (bronchioles) of the lungs. Most commonly caused by RSV(resp. syncytial virus). Occurs mostly during the winter. Causes wheezing, tachypnea, cough, fever, runny or congested nose.
Bronchiolitis