22Overview Of The Lower Limb

Front 1

Compartment Syndrome:

Compartment Syndrome causes decreased tissue perfusion
Because of the limited space in the compartments of the leg, if there is___ within a compartment, pressure may build to high enough levels to prevent arterial flow ___ to the injury (or prevent venous blood from leaving the leg).

This is a surgical emergency! tissues (muscle and nerve) will become ___ and die with in hours, resulting in permanent disability if fasciotomy is not performed
Fasciotomy (surgically opening the fascial compartment) decompresses the injury site, and allows tissue perfusion

Back 1

- trauma and bleeding
-distal
-ischemic

Front 2

major nerves that pass thru:
-inguinal canal
-greater sciatic canal
-lesser sciatic canal
-obturator canal

Back 2

-femoral n.
-sciatic n.
-
-obturator n.

Front 3

Iliotibial tract provides an attachment site for the ___ muscles
It functions as a tendon

Back 3

gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata

Front 4

Lymphadenopathy:
enlarged ___ nodes

Back 4

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Front 5

External iliac a. --> femoral (inguinal lig) --> popliteal a., as it passes thru what?

Back 5

adductor canal in the adductor hiatus as it emerges in the popliteal fossa posteriorly

Front 6

The dorsalis pedis a. can be palpated bt what ligaments?

Back 6

Extensor hallucis longus and tibialis anterior ligament

Front 7

The posterior tibial a. can be palpated between what structures?

Back 7

Medial malleolus and calcaneal tendon

Front 8

The anterior and medial thigh receives innervation from nerves originating from the___ roots of the lumbar plexus.

Back 8

L2,3,4

Front 9

Femoral nerve is formed by the posterior divisions of ___
-pre- or post- axial muscles?

Back 9

-*L2,3,4
-Postaxial muscle (posterior in fetus)

Front 10

Obturator nerve is formed by the anterior divisions of the ___
--pre- or post- axial muscles?

Back 10

-*L2,3,4
-pre-axial muscles

Front 11

Nerve affected by entrapment, as in pregnancy or overweight person

Back 11

LFCN - lateral femoral cutaneous n.

Front 12

Sacral plexus:
Roots of ___ contribute to the sciatic nerve, which leaves the pelvis through the ___ and enters the gluteal region

Back 12

-L4,5,S1,2,3 (L4-S3)
-greater sciatic foramen

Front 13

Sacral Plexus:
Nerves from the anterior divisions

Back 13

-Nerve to quadratus femoris
-Nerve to inferior gemellus
-Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus
-Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-Pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)

Front 14

Sacral Plexus:
Nerves from the posterior divisions

Back 14

-Superior gluteal nerve
-Inferior gluteal nerve
-Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-Nerve to the piriformis