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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
About how many months after infection does the body clear a surface antigen?
When does the antibody to the surface antigen become available for testing? Consequence? |
6 months after infection to clear
6.5-7 months for antibody to surface antigen to present therefore surface antigen cannet be tested until in the WINDOW OF 6 - 6.5/7 months! (favorite test question!) |
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Risk factors for Hep C?
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1)previous blood transfusion (b/f 1992)
2)IV drug use/sexual contact 3)Tatoos |
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What % of Hep C patients are asymptomatic
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85%
...only 5% develop cirrhosis of which 15% develop hepatocellular carcinoma |
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HIV-II is similar to HIV-I but with a ____ ?
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long latent period
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T/F AIDS can be transmitted by delivery or lactation?
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T
..also blood, secretions, sexual contact & IV drug abuse |
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AIDS tecnicalled defined by what either of what 2 critera?
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1)absolute CD4+ count of <200
2)AIDS defing illness REGARLESS of CD4 count |
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Anti-HIV antibodies can be detected how long after exposure?
Is there a faster option? |
Anti-HIV Ab = 3 weeks to 6 months
p24 antigen = 16 days Nucleic Acid testing = 11 days |
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What are the 3 phases of AIDS? Describe?
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1)Seroconversion: flu-like illness, frequenly unrecognized; HIV antigen is detectable but anti-HIV Ab not formed yet
2)Latent: no symptoms, CD4 count can be well over 200 and be stable for years w/out treatment 3)Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy: CD4<200...and you're screwed |
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Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus
HTLV-1 causes what? HTLV-2? |
HTLV-1: T-cell leukemia, lymphooma and tropical spastic paraparesis; birth/sexual contact in ajpan, caribbeam, sub-Shaharn African (but not Brazil!!...phew!!)
HTLV-II: tropical paraparesis; IV DRUG USE!! Infection is life-long, but only 4% of those infected develop lifelong complications |
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What may give a false positive for HTLV?
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Influenza immunization
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T/F CMV is a RNA virus
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F, CMV is DNA virus
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CMV Infections in immunocompentent persons produces what kind of symptoms?
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only flu-like illness; most infecions go unnoticed
in AL, 85% of people over 70 are serologically positive, hard to find a CMV negative donor |
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Congenital CMV causes?
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deafness, neurologic deficits, liver/spleen enlargement
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immunosupressed CMV exposure cuaes?
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Pneumonitis, hepatitis, meningitis, colitis
Can be life threatening, particularly pneumonitis and menningitis |
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Rare neurological dz with progressive ataxia, demnetia, coma & death
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Creutzfeldt Jacob Dissease
caused by PRIONS LONG LATENT PERIOD (~30 years) NO SEROLOGICAL SCREENING TEST NO TREATMENT |
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Bacterial contamination is most common with what part of the blood?
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Platelets
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How many whole blood units are needed for 1 unit of platelets?
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6
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Platelets are most commonly contaminated with _____ organisms
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gram-positive
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RBCs are most commonly contaminated with _____ organisms
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gram-negative (the produce endotoxins)
gram-negative sepsis has 70% mortality; signs: fever, chills, rigors, & shock |
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Why is the risk of syphilis from blood transusion low?
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spirochees cannot live long in sotrage conditions
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Are there serological tests performed for malaria on donated units?
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No,, just screened by questioning
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Risk of TRALI highest with transfusion of what?
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platelets
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1/2 life of platelets?
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5 days, so testing prioritized and completed by 72 hours, giving a total of 3 days of self-life
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Most morbidity and moratality of blood transfusions are due to what?
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administration of wrong product to wrong patient
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