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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Description:
Adrenaline |
1 mg in 1ml ampoule (1:1000)
Naturally occurring sympathomimetic Causes peripheral vasodilation Stimulates cardiac conduction cycle causing increased contractions Causes bronchodilation & vasodilation in musculature IV/IO: onset 30s, peak 3-5min, duration 5-10min IM: onset 30-90s, peak 5-10min, duration 5-10min |
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Indications:
Adrenaline |
Cardiac arrest
Anaphylaxis Severe asthma Severe croup with retractive breathing |
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Management/Dose:
Adrenaline |
Cardiac Arrest:
Adult: 1mg IV/IO every 3-5 minutes. Paediatric: 10mcg/kg IV/IO to a max 1mg IV/IO every 3-5 minutes. Anaphylaxis/Severe Asthma: Adult: 0.5mg IM into lateral mid-thigh ((0.5ml of 1:1000). Paediatric: IM into lateral mid-thigh. Age: < 1 / 5-10kg / 0.05-0.1mL Age: 1-2 / 10kg / 0.1mL Age: 2-3 / 15kg / 0.15mL Age: 4-6 / 20kg / 0.2mL Age: 7-10 / 30kg / 0.3mL Age: 10-12 / 40kg / 0.4mL Age: >12 / >50kg / 0.5mL |
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Contraindications:
Adrenaline |
There are no absolute contraindications
for adrenaline, as long as indications are present |
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Description of:
Aspirin |
White 300mg tablet of soluble aspirin, dispirin or dispirin direct
Analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, anti platelet aggregation agent Reduces mortality significantly in AMI by minimising platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in order to retard the progression of coronary artery thrombosis |
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Indications for:
Aspirin |
Chest pain of presumed cardiac origin
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Management/dose for:
Aspirin |
Oral administration, preferably chewed
300mg |
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Contraindications for:
Aspirin |
Hypersensitivity
Under 12 years Active bleeding peptic ulcers Suspected AAA Bleeding disorders |
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Indications for:
Methoxyflurane |
Pain (eases discomfort rather than pain relief)
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Contraindications for:
Methoxyflurane |
Unable to understand/cooperate
Sever renal impairment Known sensitivity (malignant hyperthermia) Head injury w/ ACS |
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Management/dose for:
Methoxyflurane |
Initial dose 1x3ml ampoule
Max dose 6ml per day; 15ml per week Repeat after 15mins if necessary Do not double-dose inhaler Risk of inhaling droplets/fluid; serious overdose |
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Description of:
Methoxyflurane |
Halogenated ether; modification of pain reception w/ associated light headedness.
3ml clear liquid in sealed screw-top vial Strong fruity smell (inc. low concentration) Dissolves many plastics Onset: 6-8 breaths / 1-2min, max effectiveness at 2-4min post administration By Penthrox inhaler only |
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Description of:
Glucose Oral Gel |
15g glucose gel in tube
Rapidly absorbed from oral/buccal mucosa to increase BSL Onset 2-5min, duration 12-25min |
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Indication for:
Glucose Oral Gel |
Demonstrated hypoglycaemia in:
ACS in known diabetic ACS in unknown cause where BSL <4mmol/L. |
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Management/Dose for:
Glucose Oral Gel |
Adult: squeeze contents of tube (or as much as practical) into lower cheek pouch over gums/cheek and externally massage cheek.
Paeds: use proportion of the tube Repeat after 10mins if still ACS or deteriorating. |
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Contraindications for:
Glucose Oral Gel |
None - as long as indications are present
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Management/Dose for:
Cophenylcaine |
Adult:
Intranasal: 10sq max (5/ nostril) Topically: 5sq max Paediatric: 2-4yrs: 1/nostril 4-8yrs: 2/nostril 8-12yrs: 3/nostril >12yrs: as per adult Orally: One spray then wait 1-2mins & repeat if needed |
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Indications:
Cophenylcaine |
Local pain: abrasions, small cuts/wounds
Relief of mild to moderate epistaxis Post tonsilectomy haemorrhage Intraoral haemorrhage |
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Description of:
Cophenylcaine |
A topical pump spray containing:
Lignocaine 50mg/ml Phenylepherine 5mg/ml A topical local anaesthetic and haemorrhage control agent for the relief of surface pain, nasal and oral bleeding |
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Contraindications:
Cophenylcaine |
Hypersensitivity to lignocaine, phenylepherine or other anaesthetics
<2yrs old Pregnancy |
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Description of:
Salbutamol |
5mg in 2.5ml plastic nebule [OR]
100mcg dose per puff from MDI Sypathomimetic - short acting synthetic B2 adrenoreceptor stimulant that causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (bronchodilation) Initial effects 2-5mins max by 10min |
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Contraindications for:
Salbutamol |
Hypersensitivity
Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema |
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Management/dose for:
Salbutamol |
MDI/Spacer: 4 puffs with 4 breaths per puff every 4 minutes
Nebulised: One nebule (5mg/2.5ml) in 8l/pm of O2. 1.5ml saline added to make 4ml. Repeat as clinically needed |
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Contraindications for:
Glucagon |
Hypersensitivity
Known pheocromocytoma |
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Management/dose for:
Glucagon |
IM injection:
Adult 1mg in 1ml IM; rpt after 10mins if unable to obtain IV access in pt still <GCS & <BSL Paediatric 5yrs: 0.5mg in 0.5ml 6-12yrs: 1mg in 1ml Single dose only |
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Indications for:
Glucagon |
For demonstrated hypoglycemia where oral glucose cannot be administered & IV access cannot be obtained in a safe & timely manner.
ACS in known diabetic ACS of unknown medical origin where BSL <4mmol |
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Contraindications for:
GTN Spray |
Hypersensitivity
Hypotension <90mmHg Erectile dysfunction Rx in <24hrs |
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Management/Dose for:
GTN Spray |
Cardiac chest pain:
0.4mg (1spray) sublimgually. If pain persists >5min & BP maintained, consider additional spray to max 3. Acute pulmonary oedema: 0.4mg (1 spray) sublimgually every 5 mins to max 3. For long transport times, further doses of nitrates may be given every 30mins where indicated & criteria met |
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Indications for:
GTN Spray |
Chest pain of presumed cardiac origin, not relieved by rest, oxygen & reassurance, with systolic BP >90mmHg
Acute Pulmonary Oedema w/ systolic BP >90mmHg |
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Description of:
GTN Spray |
Spray bottle contains 200x 0.4mg atomised sprays
Causes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, resulting in: Vasodilation Peripheral pooling & reduced venous return Reduced left ventricular/diastolic pressure (preload) Reduced systemic vascular resistance (after load) Reduced myocardial energy & O2 requirements Relaxes coronary arty spasms |
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Contraindications for:
Naloxone |
Responsive patients with adequate respirations who are protecting their airway
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Indications for:
Naloxone |
Reversal of respiratory depression in a suspected narcotic overdose
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Description of:
Naloxone |
0.4mg (400mcg) in 1ml vial
Pure narcotic antagonist; competitive inhibitor of opioid receptors Prevents/reverses effects of narcotics inc. respiratory depression, sedation & hypotension. In absence of opioids, exhibits essentially no pharmacological effects |
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Contraindications for:
Paracetamol |
Known hypersensitivity
Used paracetamol within last 4 hours |
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Management/dose for:
Paracetamol |
Adults: 1-2 tablets with water
Children: 7-12, 0.5-1 tablet <7 - as per direction on bottle |
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Indications for:
Paracetamol |
Headache
Minor pain/ache Fever |
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Description of:
Paracetamol |
500mg tablets OR 125mg/5ml suspension
PO analgesia for relief of mild/moderate pain/fever Onset: 20-30mins Oral use only |
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Description of:
Ondansetron |
4mg in 2ml ampoules
Anti-nausea & anti-emetic Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist blocking serotonin centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) & peripherally on vagus nerve terminals Onset of action up to 30mins |
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Indications for:
Ondansetron |
Moderate to severe nausea
Active vomiting Prophylaxis for eye & spinal injury |
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Management/dose for:
Ondansetron |
Adults: 4mg in 2ml IM or slow IV/IO; rpt after 30mins if req'd.
Paediatrics: IM (single dose only) 2-5yrs; 1mg in 0.5mls 6-9yrs; 2mg in 1mls 10-12yrs; 3mg in 1.5mls >12 or >40kg; 4mg in 2mls |
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Contraindications for:
Ondansetron |
>2yrs of age
Hypersensitivity |
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Description of:
Midazolam |
15mg in 3ml (5mg/ml)
A water soluble benzodiazepine that has anxiolytic, sedative & anticonvulsive characteristics. These are based on its bond with receptors in the CNS; it's action to increase the inhibitory effect of the GABA neurotransmitter on the GABA receptors & subsequent membrane threshold. Lipid soluble in physiological pH & reaches CNS quickly |
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Indications for:
Midazolam |
Seizures
Disturbed/abnormal behaviour Combative TBI patients Back pain due to muscular spasms [[Performing RSI & maintaining intubation] CCP ONLY] |
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Management/dose for:
Midazolam |
Seizure/sedation in non-TBI
Adult: IM: 5-10mg (repeat once after 20mins if req'd & no IV) IV: 1-5mg TTE every 2-3mins to max of 15mg Paediatric: IM: 2.5-5mg (as per adult) IV: 0.1mg to max bolus of 5mg TTE 2-3min to max of 15mg Combative TBI Adult: IV 1mg every 3min to max of 5mg Paediatric: IV 0.1mg/kg up to 1mg bolus every 3min to max of 5mg Back pain due to muscular spasms (adult only): IM: 2.5mg-5mg IV: 1mg every 2-3min to max of 5mg |
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Contraindications for:
Midazolam |
Hypersensitivity
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Description of:
Ketamine |
200mg in 2ml
Ketamine freely soluble in water & methylalcohol; soluble in alcohol Rapid acting dissociative anaesthetic Onset of action: IV(1min); IM(5-10min) Produced dissociative state characterised by trance w/ eyes open but non-responsive, nystagmous, profound anaelgesia, normal pharyngeal/laryngeal reflexes, normal or slightly enhanced skeletal muscle tone, mild cardiovascular & respiratory stimulation & occasionally a transient & minimal respiratory depression. |
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Indications for:
Ketamine |
Severe unrelieved pain (after use of methoxyflurane/fentanyl) of traumatic origin (i.e. broken bones, burns)
Second line agent when others ineffective |
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Management/dose for:
Ketamine |
IV (adult only): 200mg in 2ml = 10mg/ml
Initial: 10-20mg (1-2ml of diluted solution). Rpt 10mg(1ml) Interval: 2-3min intervals as needed IM Initial: 1mg/kg. Rpt 0.5mg/kg (half initial dose) Interval: 5-10min intervals as needed Large adult: 100kg > 100mg > 1ml Normal adult: 75kg > 75mg > .75ml Small adult: 50kg > 50mg > .5ml 8yrs: 25kg > 25mg > .25ml |
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Contraindications for:
Ketamine |
<3mths old
Pain from non-trauma origin Active cardiovascular disease (i.e. CCF or HTN) Active psychiatric condition |
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Description of:
Saline (IV crystalloid solutions) |
Normal saline (NaCL 0.9%) in 1L bag
10ml plastic vial Sterile isotonic crystalloid solution |
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Indications for:
Saline (IV crystalloid solutions) |
Volume expansion/fluid replacement for treatment of shock (i.e. hypovolaemic) & cardiac arrest
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Management/dose for:
Saline (IV crystalloid solutions) |
Fluid therapy (shock):
Adult: 500ml bolus to max of 2L w/ reassess per infusion Small/elderly: 250ml bolus to max 1L w/reassess per infusion Paediatric: 20ml/kg over 5-10min. 1x rpt only. Cardiac arrest: 20ml/kg bolus as reversible cause of hypovolaemia KVO: 20 drops (=1ml)/min |
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Contraindications for:
Saline (IV crystalloid solutions) |
Circulatory overload
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Description of:
Fentanyl |
Fentanyl citrate (sublimaze): 100mcg in 2ml (50mcg/ml) IV/IO
Fentanyl: 600mcg in 2ml (300mcg/ml) IN only Short acting synthetic narcotic analgesic |
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Indications for:
Fentanyl |
Pain
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Management/dose for:
Fentanyl |
IV/IO:
Adult: 10-25mcg titrated to effect every 5min Paed: 1mcg/kg TTE every 5min; max bolus 25mcg Dilute 100mcg in 2ml w/ 8ml saline to make 10mcg/ml or w/ 18ml saline to make 5mcg/ml IN (repeated at 10mins) <5yr/<20kg: 1x 0.05ml (15mcg): Rpt 1x0.05ml (15mcg) 6-10yr/21<30kg: 1x 0.1ml (30mcg): Rpt 1x.1ml (30mcg) IN (repeated at 5mins) 11<15yr/31<40kg: 1x0.15ml (45mcg): Rpt 1x0.15ml (45mcg) Small/elderly/frail: 2x0.2ml (120mcg): Rpt 1x0.2ml (60mcg) Adult: 3x0.2ml (180mcg): Rpt 1x0.2ml (60mcg) |
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Contraindications for:
Fentanyl |
Hypersensitivity
<2yrs (for IV) Occluded nasal passages |
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Description: Amiodarone
|
150mg in 3ml ampoule
Class III anti-dysrhythmic, prolongs action-potential & refractory period of atrial/nodal/ventricular tissue. Immediate onset, peak <10min, duration 30-60min |
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Indications for:
Amiodarone |
Cardiac arrest w/ persistent/shock resistant VF/VT (post 3 consecutive shocks only)
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Management/Dose for:
Amiodarone |
Adult: 300mg in 6ml IV/IO once only (2x ampoules)
Paediatric: 5mg/kg IV/IO once only |
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Contra-indications:
Amiodarone |
None (CCP only)
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