2008 Dental Anatomy

Front 1

Anomaly

Back 1

deviation from normal, usually related to embryonic development that may result in absence, excess, or deformity of body parts

Front 2

vault fracture

Back 2

note projection of bone into media orbital rim

Front 3

mandibular condylar overgrowth

Back 3

longstanding condition probably associated with asymmetrical condyle hyperplasia

Front 4

Hemifacial microsomia

Back 4

deformity affects the left side of the face resulting in condylar agenesis and midfacial hypoplasia

Front 5

hydrocephalus

Back 5

dental age - 10 years

estimated cranial capacity exceed 3300cc

Front 6

midface hypoplasia

Back 6

narrowness of anterior palate

Front 7

results of hemifacial microsomia

Back 7

crowding on underdeveloped side

Front 8

result of fused cranial and sagittal suture

Back 8

frontal area extremely flat and tall, but also recessed relative to the face

Front 9

cleft palate

Back 9

deficiency of palatal portions of the left maxilla resulting in a unilateral cleft

Front 10

dental anomolies

Back 10

abnormalities of tooth form

range from "common" (peg lateral incisors) to complete anodontia

Front 11

dental development (age 6)

Back 11

want to see spaces between primary dentition = jaw growing

Front 12

dental anomalies

Back 12

2-5% of the population have some form of anodontia (missing teeth)

1-2% of the population have supernumerary (extra) teeth

Front 13

what is more common?

missing teeth or extra teeth

Back 13

more common to have missing teeth than extra teeth

Front 14

complete true anodontia

Back 14

most often associated with a sex linked genetic disease

faulty ectodermal development further affects hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and salivary glands

- condition is extremely rare

Front 15

partial anodontia

Back 15

congenitally missing teeth

involves one or more missing teeth from the dentition

not proven as a hereditary trait, however, tendencies toward missing the same tooth do run in families

Front 16

partial anodontia

Back 16

most commonly missing teeth are 3rd molars

maxillary more often than mandibular

Front 17

partial anodontia - permanent maxillary lateral incisors

Back 17

permanent maxillary lateral incisors are next most commonly missing teeth

1-2% of the population are missing one or both of these incisors

Front 18

partial anodontia - mandibular 2nd premolar

Back 18

3rd most commonly missing permanent teeth

1% of the population is missing one or both

canines are least likely to be missing from the dentition

Front 19

extra or supernumerary teeth

Back 19

occur in 0.3 to 3.8% of the population in both dentitions

90% occur in the maxilla

most common area are maxillary central incisor or maxillary third molar region

Front 20

excess, extra, or supernumerary teeth

Back 20

maxillary incisor area

- mesiodens

may or may not erupt

supernumerary teeth occur between central and lateral or lateral and canine less frequently

Front 21

mesiodens

Back 21

a tooth occurring between central incisors

Front 22

excess, extra or supernumerary teeth - 3rd molar area

Back 22

usually located distal to the 3rd molars

occurs in both arches, but more common in the maxilla

teeth rarely erupt into the oral cavity

Front 23

excess, extra or supernumerary teeth - mandibular premolar area

Back 23

most common location for supernumerary teeth in the mandible

often resemble normal premolars in size and shape

Front 24

abnormalities in morphology of teeth - 3rd molars

Back 24

maxillary 3rd molars have the most variable crown shape of all permanent teeth

mandibular 3rd molars are next

Front 25

abnormalities in morphology of teeth - maxillary lateral incisors

Back 25

most common anomaly in shape of anterior teeth - peg shaped lateral incisor

occurs in 1-2% of the population

Front 26

gemination or twinning

Back 26

appears clinically as double or fused teeth

most commonly seen in the anterior

result of the splitting of a single tooth germ

seen as 32 roots but 1 extra crown

Front 27

fusion

Back 27

fusion of two adjacent tooth germs

always involves the dentin

usually possess sperarate pulp chambers

occurs in less than 1% of the population

thought to be caused by pressure or force during development of adjacent teeth

affects primary dentition more often than permanent dentition

affects mandible more often than maxilla

Front 28

concresence

Back 28

fusion or growing together of two adjacent teeth at the tooth through the cementum only

unlike fusion, teeth involved are usually separate, but become joined

usually occurs after eruption because of close proximity of roots

Front 29

concrescence usually occurs most frequently in ..

Back 29

the maxillary molar region

Front 30

Hutchinson's incisors

Back 30

may be screwdriver shaped, with notched incisal edge

Front 31

mulberry molars (shaped like a berry)

Back 31

first molars have occlusal anatomy made up of multiple tiny tubercules

have poorly developed, indistinguishable cusps

Front 32

accessory cusps or tubercles

Back 32

any tooth may exhibit extra enamel projections, which may result from developmental localized hyperplasia or crowded pre-eruption conditions

Front 33

enamel pearls

Back 33

small nodules of enamel with a tiny core of dentin

found most frequently on the distal of third molars and the buccal root furcation of molars

Front 34

how are enamel pearls a problem?

Back 34

prevent normal connective tissue attachement and may channel disease (periodontal problems) into the region

Front 35

talon cusp

Back 35

small projection the cingulum area of maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth

this area frequently possess a cusp

may need to be removed because of interference in occlusion

Front 36

dilaceration

Back 36

a severe bend or distortion of a tooth or crown

Front 37

microdontia

Back 37

very small, but normally shaped teeth

most commonly affects lateral incisors and third molars

can occur in one to the entire dental arch

Front 38

macrodontia

Back 38

very large, but normally shaped teeth

most frequently involves incisors or canines

Front 39

hypercementosis

Back 39

excessive formation of cementum around the root of a tooth after the tooth has erupted

may cause webbing of the root

can nbe caused by trauma or periapical inflammation

Front 40

accessory roots or cusps

Back 40

may be caused by trauma, metabolic dysfunction, or pressure

Front 41

reaction to injury

Back 41

abrasion

erosion - loss of tooth structure from non-mechanical means

severe attrition - wear from normal fucntions or excessive grinding

abfraction - caused by occlusal forces

ankylosis - loss of periodontal ligament space - truly fused to bone

infection and bone loss

Front 42

abrasion

Back 42

wearing away of tooth structure by mechanical means

can have occlusal abrasion from chewing or biting

Front 43

ectopic eruption

Back 43

bizarre eruption because of lack of space