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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bayonet 202
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-A long steel knife attached to the end of a gun.
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desert 203
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-To leave military duty without intending to return.
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privateer 204
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-A privately owned ship that has government permission during wartime to attack an enemy’s merchant ships.
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guerrilla 207
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-A soldier who weakens the enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks.
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pacifist 209
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-A person morally opposed to war.
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Battle of Yorktown
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-The last major battle of the Revolutionary War, which resulted in the surrender of British forces in 1781.
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Treaty of Paris of 1783 209 m209
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-The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of the United States and setting the boundaries of the new nation.
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Wilderness Road 221
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-The trail into Kentucky that woodsman Daniel Boone helped to build.
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Articles of Confederation 222
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-A document, adopted by the Continental Congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in 1781, that outlined the form of government of the new United States.
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Valley Forge 202 m209
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Yorktown m209
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-Virginia village and site of American victory that sealed British defeat in Revolutionary War. (37 N 77 W)
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republicanism 214, 245
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-the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people; people exercise their power by voting for political representatives.
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republic 222
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-A government in which people elect representatives to govern for them.
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New Jersey Plan 231
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-A plan of government proposed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 that called for a one-house legislature in which each state would have one vote.
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Land Ordinance of 1785 223
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-A law that established a plan for surveying and selling the federally owned lands west of the Appalachian Mountains.
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Northwest Ordinance 223
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-It described how the Northwest Territory was to be governed and set conditions for settlement and settlers’ rights.
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Northwest Territory 223 m226
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-Territory covered by the Land Ordinance of 1785, which included land that formed the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota.
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Shays's Rebellion 225
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-An uprising of debt ridden Massachusetts farmers in 1787.
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Constitutional Convention 229
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-A meeting held in 1787 to consider changes to the Articles of Confederation; resulted in the drafting of the Constitution.
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checks and balances 246
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-The ability of each branch of government to exercise checks, or controls, over the other branches.
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Virginia Plan 231
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-A plan proposed by Edmund Randolph, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787, that proposed a government with three branches and a two-house legislature in which representation would be based on a state’s population or wealth.
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Great Compromise 232
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-The Constitutional Convention’s agreement to establish a two-house national legislature, with all states having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population in the other house.
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Three-Fifths Compromise 232
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-The Constitutional Convention’s agreement to count three-fifths of a state’s slaves as population for purposes of representation and taxation.
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separation of powers 246
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-The division of basic government roles into branches.
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Antifederalist 234
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-A person who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
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Federalists 234
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-Supporters of the Constitution.
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individual right 247
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-A personal liberty and privilege guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.
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federalism 234, 234
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-a system of government where power is shared among the central (or federal) government and the states.
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limited government 247
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The principle that requires all U.S. citizens, including government leaders, to obey the law.
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Federalist Papers 235
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-A series of essays defending and explaining the Constitution.
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Bill of Rights 237
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-The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added in 1791, and consisting of a formal list of citizens’ rights and freedoms.
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elector 249
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-A voter.
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enumeration 249
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-An official count, such as a census.
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impeachment 249
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-The process of accusing a public official of wrongdoing.
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pro tempore 250
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-Latin phrase meaning “for the time being.”
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quorum 251
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-the minimum number of members that must be present for official business to take place.
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revenue 252
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-Income a government collects to cover expenses.
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appropriation 253
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-Public funds set aside for a specific purpose.
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felony 253
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-A serious crime.
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indictment 250
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-A written statement issued by a grand jury charging a person with a crime.
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naturalization 253 m270
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-a way to give full citizenship to person born in another country.
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militia 254
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-A force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community during the American Revolution. An emergency military force that is not part of the regular army.
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bill of attainder 255
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-A law that condemns a person without a trial in court.
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ex post facto 255
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-A law that would make an act a criminal offense after it was committed.
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tender 255
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-money
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convene 259
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-To call together.
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affirmation 257
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-A statement declaring that something is true.
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natural-born citizen 257
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-A citizen born in the United States or a commonwealth of the United States or to parents who are U.S. citizens living outside the country.
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misdemeanor 259
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-A violation of the law.
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tribunal 253
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-a court
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appellate 260
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-Having power to review court decisions.
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inferior court 260
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-A court with less authority than the Supreme Court.
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immunity 262
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-Legal protection.
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suffrage 262 m444
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ratification 264
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-Official approval.
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unanimous consent 264
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-Complete agreement.
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compulsory process 267
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-A required procedure.
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due process of law 267
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-Fair treatment under the law.
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quarter 267
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bail 268
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-Money paid as security by arrested persons to guarantee they will return for trial.
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common law 268
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-A system of law developed in England, based on customs and previous court decisions.
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equity 269
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-A system of justice not covered under common law.
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servitude 270
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-A state of belonging to an owner or master.
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insurrection 271
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-Open revolt against a government.
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reprieve 259
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-A delay or cancellation of punishment.
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bounty 271 m508
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inoperative 274
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-No longer in force.
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inaugurate 293
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-To swear in or induct into office in a formal ceremony.
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cabinet 294
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-A group of department heads who serve as the president’s chief advisers.
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Federal Judiciary 294
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-It helped create a court system and gave the Supreme Court six members.
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tariff 296
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-A tax on imported goods.
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Battle of Fallen Timbers 299
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-In 1794, an American army defeated 2,000 Native Americans in a clash over control of the Northwest Territory.
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