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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Change in HR UN Organs
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Commission on Human Rights (1946) --> Human Rights Council (2006)
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Commission on HR (1946)
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- Is the most important institution of the UN for Human Rights
-Consists of 53 State Reps -Not very productive bc everyone talked, including the violators (Defend accusations against them --> which prevents consequences/ action as punishment for the violation -Charter Based Body |
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Human Rights Council (2006)
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-Made as a Reform to the Commission of HR (1946)
-Subsidiary Body of the General Assembly |
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Commission Changes for HR Protection
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Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (1947) → Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights (1999) → Human Rights Council Advisory Committee (2008)
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HR Protection -- Council's duties
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-Special Rapporteur
-Working Groups |
-These often don't produce anything substantial --> Often solely investigations, reporting, interviewing, etc
-This is the FIRST step --> Learning & Understanding the problem |
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1503 Procedure (1970)
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It enables 2 bodies of the UN (the Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection on Human Rights and the Commission on Human Rights) to examine complaints which appear to show consistent patterns of gross and reliably attested human rights violations received from individuals or NGOs.
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1503 Procedure (1970) --> Human Rights Council Complaint Procedure (2007)
[Charter Based Body] |
1503 Procedure (1970) --> Human Rights Council Complaint Procedure (2007)
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Human Rights Council Complaint Procedure (2007)
[Charter-based Body] |
-Confidential investigation of individual complaints that suggest "consistent patterns of grpss violations of HR"
-- They Are confidential --> The content of the report is not revealed but the names of the country examined are revealed |
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Universal Periodic Review (2006)
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- Created AFTER the HR Council was established
-Reviews HR records of all 192 UN members States once every 4 years -Does NOT have Force -But they NUDGE countries that are doing violations of HR -"You should be embarrassed/ ashamed"... |
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Centre for Human Rights (1980s)
CHANGED to Office of the High Commission for Human Rights (1993) |
-Responsible for promotion and coordintation for mainstreaming HR into the UN System
-When A commissioner comes to investigate country -- Puts neg. spotlight on country - Furnishes information to relevant UN Bodies |
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UN "decorations"
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Not binding by any of the states; Not a law;
- It is not ratified by the states -Many times decorations create/ transform into treaties |
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UN Treaties
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-States must ratify/ pass/ accept them
-They agree to follow it, abide by it... HAVE to -Rule of Law & states are binded by law -States make provisions |
-Law Binding --- BUT
There is little/ no way to enforce treaties or reprimand a country that violates the treaty |
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International Criminal Ct
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- Rome Statue of the International Criminal Court (Adopted in 1998, entered info force in 2002)
-110 States Party -World's 1st Permanent court with jurisdiction to try individuals |
Prosecute individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, etc
-Only 4 cases have been examined (Al African) |
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2 Conditions needed to be met for ICC to exercise jurisdiction
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1. The states where the crimes occurred is party to the Rome Statue or consents to the jurisdiction of the court
2. The State of nationality... |
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INGO's
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[Evolution of In'tl HR]
Before 1945 |
-Limited in international activities :Slavery, Women's rights, Workers rights, etc
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[Evolution of In'tl HR]
WWII |
-Holocauset
-Gave incentive for int'l society to react to at least the most avid HR Violations -Every power were involved in HR violations -- defended themselves/ interests |
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[Evolution of In'tl HR]
Decolonization |
New independent states promote racial quality
-Their domestic repression revealed |
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[Evolution of In'tl HR]
Cold War Politics |
-Forestalls advancements in HR activities
-Elevates the legitimacy of HR principles -Many committed to treaties w/out many provisions -- BC Soviet/ US conflict pressured each other |
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