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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acantholysis
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dissolution of the intercellular bridges of the prickle cell layer of the epithelium.
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acquired immune response
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a response of the body to injury that has memory of past exposure to a foreign substance and responds more quickly to a foreign substance the second time.
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allergy
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hypersensitive state acquired through exposure to a particular allergen; reexposure to the same allergen elicits and exaggerated reaction.
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anaphylaxis
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severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction; exaggerated immunologic reaction from release of vasoactive substances (histamine). occurs on reexposure after sensitizaton.
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antibody
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a protein molecule, also called an immunoglobulin, which is produced by plasma cells and reacts with a specific antigen.
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antigen
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any substance able to induce a specific immune response.
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autoantibody
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an antibody that reacts against an antigenic constituent of the persons own tissue.
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autoimmune disease
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a disease characterized by tissue injury caused by a humoral or cell-mediated immune response against constituents of the body's own tissue.
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B lymphocyte (B cell)
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a lymphocyte, that matures without passing through the thymus; the B cell can later develop into a plasma cell that produces antibodies.
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cell-mediated immunity
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immunity in which the predominant role is played by T lymphocytes.
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cytokine
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cell product produced by the cells involved in the immune response.
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humoral immunity
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immunity in which B lymphocytes and antibodies play the predominant role.
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hypersensitivity
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a state of altered reactivity in which the body reacts to a foreign agent with an exaggerated immune responce.
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immune complex
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a combination of antibody and antigen.
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immunodeficiency
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a deficiency of the immune response resulting from hypoactivity or decreased numbers of lymphoid cells.
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immunoglobulin
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a protein also called an antibody, synthesized by plasma cells in response to a specific antigen.
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LE cell
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a cell that is a chatacteristic of lupus erythematosus (LE) and other autoimmune diseases; it is a mature neutrophil that has phagocytized a spherical inclusion derived from another neutrophil.
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lymphoid tissue
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tissue composed of lymphocytes supported by a meshwork of connective tissue.
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macrophage
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large tissue-bound mononuclear phagocyte derived from monocytes in blood; become mobile when stimulated by inflammation & interact with lymphocytes in immune response.
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mucosistis
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mucosal inflammation
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matural killer cell (NK)
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a lymphocyte that is part of the body's initial innate immunity, which by unknown mechanisms is able to directly destroy cells recognized as foreign.
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nickolsky's sign
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in some bullous diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigus the superficial epithelium separates easily from the basal layer on exertion of firm, sliding manual pressure.
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rheumatoid factor
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a protein; immunoglobulin M (IgM), found in serum and detectable on laboratory tests; it is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
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T lymphocyte (T cell)
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a lymphocyte that matures in the thymus before migrating to tissue; the T lymphocyte is responsible for cell-mediated immunity and may modulate the humoral immune response.
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thymus
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a lymphoid organ located high in the chest, which is large in an infant and gradually shrinks in size.
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xerophthalmia
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abnormal dryness of the eyes.
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xerostomia
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decreased salivary flow resulting in abnormal dryness of the mouth.
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