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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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state of equilibrium in the internal environment of the body
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homeostasis
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condition in which the human system experiences changes in its normal balanced state
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stress
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anything percieved as challenging, threatening, demanding - anything that causes a person to experience stress is
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stressor
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change in response to a stressor in an effort to restore balance
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adaptation
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sources of stress
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developmental
situational physiologic psychosocial |
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personal factors affecting adaptation are
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physiologic makeup, genetic inheritance, VERY YOUNG AND OLD, altered health, inadequate nutrtion, sleep deficits, poor support
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What is an example of external stressor
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high environmental temperatures
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a PT has dilated pupils, dry mouth, headache, backache, constipation or diareeah, sleep disturbances, increased pulse, bp, resp, nausea, weight gain or loss are WHAT KINDS OF STRESS?
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of stress
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your pt has anxiety, anger, depression - WHAT KINDS OF STRESS
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Psychological effects of stress
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what affects physical status, increases risk for disease or injury, compromises recovery and return to normal function and associated with specific diseases
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prolonged stress
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how do you cope with stress
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crying, laughing, cursing, activity, smoking drinking, laughing crying, lack of eye contact, withdrawel
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taylor p 963
compensation denial displacement projection rationalization |
what are they
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RN intervention for STRESS
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Teach stress reducing behavior, excercise, rest, nutrtion, time management, minimize anxiety, mediate anger
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How do you know your PT is evaluating the plan of care
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PT identifies causes and affect of stress and anxiety.
PT identifices and uses support. pt practices healthy lifestyle habits and anxiety reducing technique Pt verbalizes a decrease in stress and increase in comfort |
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What is helpful in eliciting data about the effects of stress during a healthy history?
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HOW DOES YOUR BODY FEEL WHEN YOU ARE UPSET?
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One's mental self image or picture of one's self - subjective sense of self.
inttegrates conscious and unconscious feelings and attitudes as well as perceptions of others and self |
self-concept
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what are the components of self concept?
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Body image
self-esteem roles identity |
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what is developed through observation, experience, and internalization of the view of others.
includesappearance, physical abilities and capabilities |
body image
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an evaluation of self-worth, influenced by both our own evaluation of our worth and the evaluation of others
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self-esteem
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a set of socially expected patterns of behavior associated with an individuals functioning.
sanctioned by fam, community and culture as appropriate in a given situation |
roles
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persistent individuality and sameness of person over time and in various circumstances
consciousness of being oneself as distinct and seprate from others. often tied closely to ROLES |
Identity
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develops as a result of interactions with others. influenced by inborn tendencies and traits.
this concept is described in developmental theories , erikson, piaget, havinghurst |
formation of self-concept
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any change , real or percieved that treathens body image, self esteem, role performance or sense of identity
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stressors affecting self concept
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An alteration in body apperance, loss of body parts, alteration in body functioning , aging, dependance on devices are known as what kind of stressors?
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body image stressors
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unhealthy interpersonal relationships, failure to achieve life goals or live up to moral code, sense of powerlessness or failure to achieve developmental milestones are what kind of stressors
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self-esteem stressors
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a PT who just recently lost a child or parent, change of job, retirement, divorce, illness, inability to meet role expectations....these stressors are known as what?
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ROLE STRESSORS
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a change in physical apperance of your PT, declining physical, mental or sensory abilities, an unrealisit ideal of self, inability to achieve goals or cultural/gender differences are known as what kind of stressors
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IDENTITY stressors
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Your PT avoids eye contact, overlay apologetic, hesitant speech, overly critical, poorly groomed, cries, fails to complete activities, lacks energy, feels worthless most likely has BEHAVIOR ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT?
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Altered Self Concept
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a persons PERCEPTION of the situation he is the most important factor determining behavior.
t/f |
TRUE
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RN diagnosis for altered self-concept
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Disturbed body image
Ineffective Role Performance Low Self Esteem Disturbed Personal ID |
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Name RN interventions for self-concept
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encourage pt to ID and use personal strenghts
recongize and reminisce about past accomplishments and activity maintain caring attitude mobilize support system for pt and fam ID stressors, explore coping mechanisms, assess knowledge help pt to ID changes that realistcally can be made, continue to reinformce strengths and success |
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An individual who enters health care sytem encounters stimuli different from those to which he is accustomed - this effects the PT's
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sensory experiences
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stimuli may offer differ in ________
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amount
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what can occur when your PT enters a stimuli that he is not accustomed to?
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sensory OVERLOAD or DEPRIVATION
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Your PT walks into the hospital and recieves TOO much sensory stimulation.
the brain can not ignore or respond to stimuli - stress occurs and the PT feels out of control. |
Stress Overload
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during high periods of stress and sensory overload - the goal is to ________
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DECREASE stimuli
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what can increase the risk of overload as the PT has difficulty percieving stimuli accurately?
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Impaired Sensory Function (temporary or permanent)
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Sensory overload can also occur when the PT is experiencing what?
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anxiety or panic or exhausted
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what negatively impacts cognitive function?
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High Anxiety
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the PT may become belligerent with difficulty paying attention or completing a task - he is experiencing
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sensory overload
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your PT is recieving too little sensory stimulation due to monotonous rotuine, loneliness or isolation. she is experiencing
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sensory deprivation
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what may begin to self-stimulate to begin arousal?
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the brain
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what may range from daydreaming to halluncinating
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self-stimulation
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When assessing PT with sensory ddeficits - be sure that PT'...
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wears glasses or hearing aid!
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When assessing PT ,determine customary level of stimulation, examples of that are
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does he live alone?
homebound? has he had visitors? |
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Assess patient for orientation and anxiety levels
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use TOUCH and gaugh patient response
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RN diagnoses for sensory stimulation
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Disturbed sensory perception
acute confusion chronic confusion impaired memory ------------------------------- SENSORY STIMULATION |
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Pt must be oriented to
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time, place and person
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PT must feel safe and in control of
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environment
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Pt will exhibit max sensory function by
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wearing hearing aid, glasses, dentuires, cane, walker etc
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RN interventions for SENSORY OVERLOAD
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Privacy, periods of rest and quiet, assign to same nurse, introduce yourself explain who you are and REORIENT.
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RN interventions for SENSORY DEPRIVATION
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COMPANIONSHIP (increased opportunity for interaction, encourage visitors)
Touch, MUsic , TV check pt frequently, move a socially isolated PT out to where he can see action! |
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RN INTERVENTION FOR THE UNCONCSIOUS PT
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always assume PT CAN HEAR YOU - hearing is the last sense lost.
speak in normal tones speak to person BEFORE TOUCHING,. Keep noise low |
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EVALUATE THAT YOUR PT exhbits a __________ in behavior manifestations of sensory deprivation or overload.
(INCREASE./DECREASE) |
DECREASE
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EVALUATE THAT YOUR PT IS ABLE TO
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interact approriately with environment
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what are the major components of any sensory experience
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reception and perception!
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what are 4 conditions necessary for person to recieve data and expderience hte world
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stimulus, receptor, intact nerve pathway and brain
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whatsystem maintains, enhances,or inhibitis cortical arousal by monitoring and regulating incoming sensory stimuli
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reticular activiating system
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a normal loss of hearing , you must speak to PT in a low distinct frequency
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presbycusis
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cataracts cause your pt to not see TV and sit closer to it , he is experiencing
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sensory perception
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sensory deprivation or an impaired ability for pt to respond to enviromnental stimuli places the pt at risk for
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impaired ability to RESPOND to environmental stimuli
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what is the basic physiologic need that comes BEFORE HIGHER LEVELS OF NEED
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SAFETY FIRST
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A pt bandaged from burns and also complaining of beeping monitor across the hall experiences
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both sensory DEPRIVATION AND OVERLOAD
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A PT unable to list items describing himself indicates
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deficient self-knolwedge
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pt that devalues herself and thinks she is no good exhibits
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self-concept disturbance
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a condition which the human system responds to changes in its normal balanced state is called
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stress
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an external stressor is
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high environmental temperature
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body maintains internal environment at a costant state through
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homeostasis
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REFLEX PAIN AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE are examples of what kind of response of body to STRESS
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LOCALIZED
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the body percieves a threat and responds by increasing activitiy of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems - the shock level of ADAPTATION SYNDROME does what to energy levels
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Increase energy level, bp, cardiac output.
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you sleep due to final exams coming up, this behavior that DECREASES anxiety is known as a
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coping mechanism
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vague feeling of discomfort or dread with an UNKNOWN SOURCE is called
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anxiety
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a pt diagnosed with cancer that says its impossible is at what stage of defence mechanism
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denial
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when you focus a pt on psychological preparation for unfamiliar, painful event, it is known as
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anticipatory guidance
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what is the first step in cris intervention through problem solving
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identify problem
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a method of gaining control of the autonomic nervous system and regulating body responses to sstress such as increased bp, hr and headaches is known as
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Biofeedback
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what is the most stressful RN position
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ICU
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