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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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St. Polycarp of Smyrna
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Martyr, a friend of St. Ignatius of Antioch, located in Turkey, defender of orthodox faith, arrested by Romans for his "atheistic" beliefs. When burned at the stake flames did not kill him.
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Pax Romana
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"Roman Peace"
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Sadducee
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Perceived Jesus as a threat to their power over Jewish people and feared they would be blamed by Romans for any political disturbances attributed to Jesus.
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Pharisee
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Jesus had the belief of resurrection, the need for virtuous living, and the importance of the Law in common with them. Disapproved Jesus' interpretations of the Law.
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Didache (the "Teaching")
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A catechetical document whose author is unknown. It mentions Christian doctrines like the Trinity, moral teachings, and explains the rites of Baptism and Eucharist.
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Orthodoxy
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Right teaching
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St. Justin Martyr
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A notable apologist who tried to convince Pagan intellectuals that Christianity is the truest and most intellectually satisfying philosophy.
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St. Irenaeus of Lyons
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Effectively argued against Gnosticism in his writings, highlighting the importance of church tradition and the right teaching residing with the Roman Church.
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Zealots
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A radical Jewish sect that hated Roman rule, successful in starting a revolution against Rome.
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Josephus
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A Jewish historian that accused Christians of being subversive, superstitious, atheistic, and immoral.
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Tacitus
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A Roman writer that accused Christians of being subversive, superstitious, atheistic, and immoral.
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Nero
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Falsely accused Christians of burning Rome deflecting the blame from himself. He tortured and crucified Christians.
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Domitian
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Required his subjects to worship him as a god and the Christians who refused to do so were executed. The most severe persecution, reports of hunting Christians.
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Trajan
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Felt that Christians should not be sought out; but if accused and convicted, they are to be punished. If the Christians deny their faith, and supplicate to the Roman gods, they are allowed pardon upon their repentance.
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Novatian
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Taught that no bishop could absolve a person who rejected Jesus Christ, murdered, or committed adultery. His desire for perfect Christians led to schism.
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Pope St. Cornelius
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Declared that mortal sins could be forgiven if sinners repented and performed the proper penances.
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apostle
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meaning "one sent forth" task was to evangelize (preach the Gospel) and witness to it's truth.
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episkopoi
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bishops or overseers
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Origen
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Taught three ways of interpreting Scripture: the literal, the moral, and the allegorical. He influenced Neoplatonic philosophy (Son is subordinate to the Father in dignity and power). This was later condemned.
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Peter
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Witnessed to the life and teachings of Jesus, boldly proclaiming the Death and Resurrection of Jesus.
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St. Stephen
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The first martyr or witness for the church, stoned to death after preaching the message.
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martyr
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meaning witness, someone who dies for their faith
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Tertullian
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The first major apologist to write in Latin. Apology defended Christians against charges of immorality, subversion, and economic bankruptcy.
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Diocletian
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Worst of all Roman persecutions, goal was to uproot Christianity by enforcing death penalty, banishing them to hard labor, destroying churches and sacred books, and many other forms of torture.
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St. Paul
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Had to undergo 3 missionary journeys, had a change of heart after a vision from God. From persecuting Christians to preaching all over the land.
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Gamaliel
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Explained to the people that they should not silence any talk about Jesus and the good he has done, they might be fighting against God.
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Apologists
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Second century writers who wrote mainly to convince Gentiles and nonbelievers of truth and high morals of Christians
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apostolic fathers
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Men who personally knew the Apostles or their disciples. They write letters to the churches.
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canon
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Biblical books gathered together into an official list of approved works.
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Marcion
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Denied that a good God could have created the material world. God of the Old Testament could not be the Father of Jesus, but was inferior to Jesus because he was vengeful and cruel.
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Gnosticism
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denied Jesus' humanity
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