2

Front 1

what is 'plant available water'?

Back 1

the amount of water that can be extracted by the plant.

also-

the difference in soil moisture content between the field capacity and the wilting point.

Front 2

what is a swelling clay? why are such soils a problem in watershed management?

Back 2

montmorillonite clay is a 3 layer system (Si, Al, Si) that is loosely held together. Water arrives, soil layers swell and seal, infiltration stops...which leads to runoff, sedimentation, gully formation.

Front 3

what is the cause of surface runoff?

Back 3

-Rainfall exceeds rate of which water can infiltrate soil.

-Soil is saturated.

Front 4

what is interception and why is it important?

Back 4

interception is the water caught in vegetation that evaporates before it reaches the surface of the ground.

Front 5

what factors control the evaporation rate from bare soil?

Back 5

wind, temp, humidity, light, soil water

Front 6

evaporation pan

Back 6

measures evaporation of water in to the atmosphere

Front 7

how is transpiration rate controlled?

Back 7

dry soils-->plants take up less water-->less soil transpiration

Front 8

Darcy's law

Back 8

(p2-p1)/Resistance*Length

the greater the difference in pressure, the faster the flow

predicts amount of water flowing through an aquifer

Front 9

artestian spring/well

Back 9

water flows from ground

water from confined (pressurized) aquifer

Front 10

in unconfined aquifers, how can we determine the depth to the water table?

Back 10

drill a well into the aquifer. when reach water, that is the aquifer (vs confined aquifers...the water rises bc it is under pressure, perhaps artesian spring)