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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What questions should be used when assessing a patient with dizziness?
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Close-ended questions, give patient choices:
-light headed -dysequilibrium -vertigo Pts have diff definitions of dizziness |
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What is the biological explanation of light headedness? Causes?
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Brain hypoperfusion
Can be due to hyperventilation, hypoglycemia, anxiety |
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What is dysequilibrium? Causes?
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Gait imbalance (like walking on a dock)
Can be due to cerebellar dysfn (ataxia)--can result from stroke, hemorrhage, EtOH Proprioceptive dysfn: B12 deficiency, syphilis Can also be due to altered visual input |
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What is vertigo? Causes?
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Delusion of movmt (spinning sensation)
Due to disturbance in vestibular system (brain confused by mismatch between vestibular, visual, somatosensory systems) which can be due to unfamiliar or awkward head movements |
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What do all forms of vertigo have in common?
How would you distinguish between central and peripheral vertigo? |
All vertigo gets worse with movement
Central: Not as severe Can fall in either direction Can have brainstem findings (diplopia, dysphagia), motor/sensory, ataxia Bilateral nystagmus Peripheral: Usually more severe Tend to fall towards lesion Occurs in isolation, perhaps with hearing loss, tinnitus Unilateral nystagmus, supressible with fixation (FAST phase away from lesion, SLOW phase toward lesion) |
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Vestibular neuronitis vs labyrinthitis.
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Both occur following viral syndrome, acute vertigo, nausea, resolve over a few days
Labyrinthitis can be accompanied by high frequency hearing loss |
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Symptoms of Meniere's Disease? Cause?
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Recurrent vertigo attacks with nausea; low frequency hearing loss
Cause: too much endolymph production (nystagmus in OPP direction) |
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Effects of an acoustic neuroma.
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(Schwannoma along CN VIII--along cerebellopontine angle)
Results in dysequilibrium (unsteadiness) rather than vertigo |
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What is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo? Cause?
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otilithic debris in semicricular canals stimulate hair cells (due to head trauma)
sudden onset, triggered by movement, latency period (patient moves head, triggers vertigo) Tx with Dix-Hallpike Maneuver or Epley ( |
