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12 Cards in this Set

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Objective

Give examples of endogenous circannual and circadian rhythms.
The endogenous circannual rhythm is an internal calendar that prepares the body for seasonal changes. For example, several cues tell a migratory bird when to fly south for the winter.

Similarly, all animals produce an endogenous circadian rhythm, which is an internal clock that regulates daily behavior. The most familiar endogenous circadian rhythm controls wakefulness and sleepiness.
Objective

Describe the brain mechanisms that give rise to the biological clock.
See study guide.
Objective

Explain how jet lag and shift work affect one's biological clock.
See study guide.
endogenous circannual rhythm
An internal calendar that prepares the body for seasonal changes
endogenous circadian rhythm
Rhythms that last about a day
biological clock
Brain's own rhythms
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
An area of the hypothalamus located above the optic chiasm; provides control of circadian rhythms for sleep and temperature
pineal gland
An endocrine gland located just posterior to the thalamus
melatonin
Hormone secreted by the pineal gland; increases sleepiness
free-running rhythm
A rhythm that occurs when no stimuli reset or alter it
zeitgeber
Stimulus that resets the circadian rhythm (light is the dominant zeitgeber for land animals)
jet lag
A disruption of circadian rhythms due to crossing time zones