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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What characteristics does carbon give when added to make mild steel into pipe? and at what percentages? |
when carbon is added to steel to make pipe it makes it harder but more brittle. At .1 to .2 % |
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Four different methods used to manufacture steel pipe? |
Butt welded, ERW (cold rolled), spiral welded, seamless |
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What is skelp? |
Long flat steel rolled into coils, then welded to form steel pipe. |
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List three wall thickness designations for steel pipe |
STD, XS, XXS |
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What pressure ratings correspond to the wall thicknesses of pipe STD, XS, XXS |
150psi, 200psi, 1000psi |
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What do the numbers 150psi, 200psi, 1000psi mean to you, as a plumber? |
They are the max pressures for STD, XS, and XXS |
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In what way does the schedule number affect steel pipe? |
The higher the sched number, the smaller inside diameter (relative to size of pipe) |
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What are four common methods for finishing the exterior of steel pipe? |
Black, yellow jacket, Pickled, galavanized |
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Name some alloys used to manufacture steel pipe |
Chromium, Nickel, Stainless steel, chrome, copper |
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What different finishes are available for the ends of steel pipe? |
Grooved, threaded, plain, threaded and coupled |
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What is the function of cutting oil when threading? |
It clears the swarf, cools the chasers, cools the pipe, lubricates, reduces die wear and power consumption |
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What lubricant would you use when threading brass pipe? |
Soapy water |
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What happens when you don't ream your burr? |
It restricts flow, reduces pressure, causes turbulence and catches foreign material |
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What pipe reamer is for manual operation only? |
the spiral |
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Explain the term Throw |
it is the face to center measurement of a fitting |
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What is the thread engagement? |
How far the pipe threads into the fitting |
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What is fitting allowance? |
The throw minus the thread engagement |
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What is the angle of an American Standard pipe thread? |
60 |
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What advantage does a multi wheel pipe cutter have? |
It is easier to get into tight spots; do not need 360 degree access to pipe |
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What do these stand for - STD, XS, XXH, XH, XXS, Sch ? |
Standard, extra strong, double extra heavy, extra heavy, double extra strong, schedule |
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what does nominal pipe size mean? |
it is the approximate inside diameter of a pipe |
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Which grade of pipe is rated for max pressure of 200 psi? |
XS |
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What is the max pressure for STD pipe? |
150 |
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What does the schedule number of a pipe relate to? |
it is the pressure to stress ratio multiplied by a thousand |
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What else happens as schedule number goes up? |
the inside diameter decreases as strength increases |
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What does alloy mean? |
two or more metals blended; often to gain the best properties of one or the other or both |
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the thread on the inside wall of a fitting is described as? |
a female tapered thread, or FIP |
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What are some of the general purposes of fittings? |
To add branches, change the direction of the piping system , or to join piping systems , etc |
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Why is it bad to thread ends of pipe that was cut with a torch? |
it reduces the life of the die chasers |
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What wall thicknesses is copper pipe available? |
STD, XS, XXS |
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How are the different sizes of copper pipe specified? |
They go by inside diameter up to 12 inch, over that it goes by outside diameter |
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How is copper tube measured? |
by it's approximate inside diameter, or NPS |
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Different sizes of copper tubing are specified by: |
outside diameter |
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What copper tube types can be purchased in soft temper? |
types K and L |
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Which type of copper tube is the minimum allowable for water service applications? |
type L |
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what are the advantages of copper tube over steel pipe? |
Better heat transfer/conductivity, better flow, better resistance to corrosion |
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What is the process for removing the temper from copper called? |
annealing |
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What approximate temperature does annealing take place? |
750 F |
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What is the major disadvantage of copper? |
It's expansion rate (and it's price) |
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What substance is known to corrode copper? |
Sulphur |
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Which types of tubes can be bent? |
types K and L |
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Why can types K and L be bent? |
they have been annealed, making them soft temper |
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Which process creates a stronger flare nut, forging or machining? |
Forging is always the stronger process |
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Define eutectic |
When a substance melts at one temperature, not over a range |
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What do the words pasty or mushy refer to ? |
When a substance is neither solid nor liquid |
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What gas is in a B tank? |
Acetylene |
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What pressure is acetylene stored at? |
250psi |
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If you are using solder with over .2% lead, what? |
The piping system shall not be for potable water |
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What temp does pure lead melt? |
620 F |
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What does capillary action mean in plumbing? |
the flow of flux/solder into small openings, such as between fitting and pipe/tube |
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What is the major advantage/reason of flux? |
it helps prevent oxidation |
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Why would you get copper tube cleaned and capped from supplier? |
when doing oxygen supply systems |
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What is bronze made of? |
copper and tin (90/10 ratio) |
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What is %66 copper and %34 zinc? |
Yellow brass |
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Which type of brass is harder? |
Yellow brass |
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What substances are used to make 50/50 solder? |
Tin and Lead |
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What is the main active ingredient in most flux? |
zinc chloride |
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What is the main application for type M copper tube? |
for hot and cold water lines; water distribution |
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What is the disadvantage of hard temper copper vs soft temper? |
cannot be bent without damage to tube or using special tools |
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What is the name of the material used to "pack" a joint when using molten lead? |
oakum |
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What must you do to a ladle before using to do a molten lead joint? |
prewarm and clean of moisture |
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Copper tube can be joined using soldering or mj's when what? |
when doing venting and drainage |
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Three methods of joining copper tube are: |
soldering, flaring, compression |
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What valve type is BEST suited to throttling? |
globe valve |
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What are the four basic disc types used in gate valves? |
solid, flexible, double disc, split wedge |
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What is the name of the valve installed at the property line ? |
curb cock |
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Slowly closing a valve, or "working it" does what? |
Helps to blow out the sediment |
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What valve offers the largest resistance to flow? |
straight globe valve |
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When is a needle valve used? |
for fine throttling and usually in high pressure gas |
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What does wire erosion mean? |
when a valve seems fully closed but high velocity liquid is shooting through, wearing the valve down |
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When leaving your work spot for lunch what precautions must you take? |
unplug tools, tidy up |
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what is the main purpose of WHMIS? |
to educate workers and the public of the dangers in the workplace |
